Development characteristics and formation analysis of Baixiang earth fissure on North China plain

Xu, Jiren; Peng, Jianbing; Deng, Yajuan; Wang, Feiyong

doi:10.1007/s10064-018-1324-4

Cited by 20 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…It has also been proposed by [52] and [53] that aquifer displacement, particularly lateral movement, is the cause of earth fissures associated with groundwater depletion. The complicated processes of earth fissuring resulting from inordinate groundwater drawdown, as perhaps the major influential anthropogenic factor, are quite well discussed in the literature [54][55][56][57][58][59][60][61][62]. By pressurizing susceptible aquifer systems, groundwater exploitation significantly contributes to soil slope failure and fissure emergence.…”

Section: The Causes and Mechanisms Of Fissures Formationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Understanding the Mechanisms of Earth Fissuring for Hazard Mitigation in Najran, Saudi Arabia

et al. 2023

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Being a fast-growing city with a high rate of urbanization and agricultural development, the city of Najran, situated in the southwest of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, has witnessed a series of earth fissuring events and some other geo-environmental hazards in recent times. These fissures have posed a significant threat to inhabitants and infrastructure in the area. A few studies suggest that excessive groundwater withdrawal is responsible for fissuring activities. Because of the intensity of this geo-hazard, this article presupposes that groundwater extraction alone cannot be responsible for the magnitude of fissuring activity in the area and discusses other severe factors that could be responsible for the earth fissures. The study proposes that the cause of the problem is multifaceted and synergistic, and outlines threatening factors that can inherently trigger more fissures in the region, based on the geologic history of the area and a critical review of investigative studies conducted in the area and beyond. Predicated on the region’s structural history, some undiscovered elements that can potentially cause fissuring in the region were identified and discussed. Some of these include the pre-existence of a fault system, a crack from the bedrock ridge, the existence of paleochannels, the collapsibility of loess, the tectonic (earthquake) history of the area, and differential compaction due to heterogeneity. The use of a metaheuristic and a combined application integrating other optimization algorithms can be utilized to determine optimum hyperparameters and present their statistical importance, thereby improving accuracy and dependability in fissure prediction in Najran. Reliable models would primarily be used to monitor active fissures and identify key factors utilizing spatial information, subsidence, groundwater-related data sets, etc.

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Section: The Causes and Mechanisms Of Fissures Formationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Understanding the Mechanisms of Earth Fissuring for Hazard Mitigation in Najran, Saudi Arabia

et al. 2023

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“…At the same time, it is believed that the distribution range of ground fissures in the North China Plain is gradually expanding. Xu et al [40] believe that the ground fissures in Baixiang, North China Plain, belong to tectonic ground fissures. The movement of deep faults causes the activity of shallow faults, thereby promoting the development of ground fissures.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Distribution Characteristics and Genesis Mechanism of Ground Fissures in Three Northern Counties of the North China Plain

Xue,

Zang,

Zhang

et al. 2024

Preprint

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The North China Plain is among the regions most afflicted by ground fissure disasters in China. Recent urbanization has accelerated ground fissure activity in the three counties of the northern North China Plain, posing significant threats to both the natural environment and socioeconomic sustainability. Despite the increased attention, a lack of comprehensive understanding persists due to delayed recognition and limited research. This study conducted field visits and geological surveys across 43 villages and 80 sites to elucidate the spatial distribution patterns of ground fissures in the aforementioned counties. By integrating these findings with regional geological data, we formulated a causative model to explain ground fissure formation. Our analysis reveals a concentration of ground fissures near the Niuxi and Rongxi faults, with the former exhibiting the most extensive distribution. The primary manifestations of ground fissures include linear cracks and patch-shaped collapse pits, predominantly oriented in east-west and north-south directions, indicating tensile failure with minimal vertical displacement. Various factors contribute to ground fissure development, including fault activity, ancient river channel distribution, bedrock undulations, rainfall, and ground settlement. Fault activity establishes a concealed fracture system in shallow geotechnical layers, laying the groundwork for ground fissure formation. Additionally, the distribution of ancient river channels and bedrock undulations modifies regional stress fields, further facilitating ground fissure emergence. Rainfall and differential ground settlement serve as triggering mechanisms, exposing ground fissures at the surface. This research offers novel insights into the causative mechanisms of ground fissures in the northern North China Plain, providing valuable scientific evidence for mitigating ground fissure disasters during the urbanization process in the region.

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“…Xi'an is one of the cities in the world most seriously affected by ground fissure disasters [8,9]. Xi'an has 14 ground fissures with a total length of over 100 km and nearly parallel ground fissures distributed in the main urban area that would certainly have serious adverse effects on urban traffic construction [10][11][12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Numerical Simulation Analysis of the Impact of Active Ground Fissures on Damage to Urban Overpasses

2023

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Urban overpasses, being long-span linear projects, are inevitably affected by ground fissure activities. This study focused on the three-span continuous overpass, and used the MIDAS GTS NX finite element simulation software to establish the model of an urban overpass crossing active ground fissures with different straddling ground fissure positions and hanging wall settlements. This study analyzed the deformation and stress characteristics of soil and bridges induced by ground fissures under different working conditions. The results demonstrate that the soil’s displacement response is mainly concentrated near the ground fissures, and the displacement changes decrease with increasing ground fissures. Ground fissure activities redistribute the stress inside the beam and pier, resulting in the tilting of the pier. When the fissure activity is small, the use of multi-span beams to straddle the ground fissures can effectively reduce the influence of ground fissure activities on bridge deformation. However, when the fissure activity is significant, the bridge may be damaged, and excessive deformation of the bridge and piers may not meet code requirements. In such cases, the multi-span beam structure type should be changed to adapt to the ground fissure activity. The research results provide significant reference value for urban traffic planning and overpass design.

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Development characteristics and formation analysis of Baixiang earth fissure on North China plain

Cited by 20 publications

References 17 publications

Understanding the Mechanisms of Earth Fissuring for Hazard Mitigation in Najran, Saudi Arabia

Understanding the Mechanisms of Earth Fissuring for Hazard Mitigation in Najran, Saudi Arabia

Distribution Characteristics and Genesis Mechanism of Ground Fissures in Three Northern Counties of the North China Plain

Numerical Simulation Analysis of the Impact of Active Ground Fissures on Damage to Urban Overpasses

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