2004
DOI: 10.1007/s00397-003-0335-6
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Development characteristics of drag-reducing surfactant solution flow in a duct

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Cited by 31 publications
(21 citation statements)
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“…It has been shown that the hydrodynamic boundary layer thickness for drag reducing surfactant solutions increases for the first approximately 50 hydraulic diameters (the heat exchanger in our experiment was approximately 90 hydraulic diameters long) like a turbulent Newtonian fluid and then follows the equation for laminar Newtonian fluids [22]. It has also been shown that although turbulent intensities in drag reduced flow are dampened compared to water, in the near wall region they can approach or exceed that of water [23].…”
Section: Model Selectionmentioning
confidence: 88%
“…It has been shown that the hydrodynamic boundary layer thickness for drag reducing surfactant solutions increases for the first approximately 50 hydraulic diameters (the heat exchanger in our experiment was approximately 90 hydraulic diameters long) like a turbulent Newtonian fluid and then follows the equation for laminar Newtonian fluids [22]. It has also been shown that although turbulent intensities in drag reduced flow are dampened compared to water, in the near wall region they can approach or exceed that of water [23].…”
Section: Model Selectionmentioning
confidence: 88%
“…In addition, the particles agglomerate and disperse in the slurry, imparting non-Newtonian characteristics to the slurry. [5][6][7][8][9] To increase slurry fluidity, the addition of surfactants that form drag-reducing rod-like micelles [10][11][12][13][14][15] , polymers 3,16) , and some types of brines 1,9,17,18) have been tested to prevent particle agglomeration. These additives also enhance the non-Newtonian behavior of the slurries.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Electricity savings in buildings can be obtained by improving efficiency of air conditioning systems, since the systems take a large amount of building electricity; in Indonesia, the figure is around 60%. High electricity consumption of air conditioning system also occurred in USA, Japan, and China [1,2,3].…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%