Development of 3D Geological Model and Analysis of the Uncertainty in a Tight Oil Reservoir in the Halfaya Oil Field

Abstract

A geological model was built for the Sadi reservoir, located at the Halfaya oil field. It is regarded as one of the most significant oilfields in Iraq. The study includes several steps, the most essential of which was importing well logs from six oil wells to the Interactive Petrophysics software for conducting interpretation and analysis to calculate the petrophysical properties such as permeability, porosity, shale volume, water saturation, and NTG and then importing maps and the well tops to the Petrel software to build the 3D-Geological model and to calculate the value of the original oil in place. Three geological surfaces were produced for all Sadi units based on well-top data and the top Sadi structural map. The reservoir has been divided into 85 sublayers in the vertical direction and 170*143 grid cells in the x-y direction, totalling 2,066,350 grid cells. The Sequential Gaussian Simulation technique is used to fill 3D grid cells with property values in locations far from wells after upscaling the well log data, then distributed across all reservoir zones. The standard original oil in place has been calculated, uncertainty evaluation was used to obtain more accurate results. Model Risk Analysis employs Monte Carlo Simulation to generate the pessimistic, most likely, and optimistic reserve values (P90, P50, and P10). The uncertainty was affected by the oil formation volume factor, oil depth, petrophysical model (porosity, water saturation, and NTG), and reservoir geometric structure (horizons and zones).

Petrophysical Analysis Based on Well Logging Data for Tight Carbonate Reservoir: The SADI Formation Case in Halfaya Oil Field

“…The SADI Formation / Halfaya oil field in Iraq poses a significant challenge for hydrocarbon production due to its complex petrophysical properties. The low porosity and permeability of tight carbonate reservoirs like Sadi B make it difficult to recover hydrocarbons efficiently [39]. The characterization of these reservoirs, which includes critical attributes such as water saturation, permeability, and porosity, is essential for reservoir modeling and evaluation.…”

Estimation of the Petrophysical Properties of the Lower Cretaceous Yamama (YC) Formation in Siba Field

“…In particular, identifying the hydrocarbon-and nonhydrocarbon-bearing zones requires petrophysical analysis, which is crucial for reservoir characterization [1][2][3][4][5][6]. The petrophysics of any field encompasses the reservoir fluid parameters and reservoir rock qualities that can influence recovery and production levels [7][8][9]. These characteristics may include porosity, permeability, fluid saturation, and mobility, among other factors.…”