Development of 7-Year-Old Korean Child Model for Computational Dosimetry

Lee, Ae-Kyoung; Byun, Jin-Kyu; Park, Jin Seo; Choi, Hyung‐Do; Yun, Jae-Hoon

doi:10.4218/etrij.09.0208.0342

Cited by 31 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…In [16] and [17], exposure to a generic resonant WPT system and to a WPT system at 140 kHz, developed according to the safety guidelines of the wireless power consortium, were used to assess the induced electric (E-) field and specific absorption rate (SAR) in TARO while the source was placed at different locations relative to the phantom as well as for different orientations of the coils. In [18], a resonant WPT system at 1.8 MHz was used to study the exposure of a Korean child model [24] for different exposure configurations under grounded and isolated conditions. Finally, numerical models of two WPT systems for charging mobile phones at 6.78 MHz have been used in [19] to assess the SAR in TARO and the Japanese three-year-old child model [25] in standing and sitting postures close to a table in which the WPT system was embedded.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Novel Method and Procedure for Evaluating Compliance of Sources With Strong Gradient Magnetic Fields Such as Wireless Power Transfer Systems

Liorni

Lisewski

Capstick

et al. 2020

IEEE Trans. Electromagn. Compat.

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To date, the development of valid and globally universally accepted recognized methods for the accurate exposure assessment of wireless power transfer (WPT) technologies is lagging behind the rapid emergence of high power systems in the energy and automotive sectors. WPT systems based on inductive and magnetic resonance technologies generate strong but rapidly decaying magnetic fields, which often exceed reference levels (RL) in the immediate vicinity of the WPT coils by up to a factor of >100. Compliance testing of WPT systems with limits derived for homogeneous exposure can lead to estimations of exposure that exceed by up to 40 dB assessments of the fields induced in the human body, i.e., the basic restrictions (BR) defined by the international safety guidelines. Testing compliance with the BR is impractical for regulatory purposes due to the high costs of resources of determining the maximum exposure conditions. This paper presents a novel compliance testing method that mitigates the overestimation of the exposure while maintaining the simplicity of the testing procedure. This is achieved by using coupling transformation functions to correlate not only the amplitude and frequency but also the gradient of the incident field with the BR. These novel conservative coupling functions have been determined by means of a large scale numerical study in the frequency range 3 kHz-10 MHz supported by a physics-based approximation. The here proposed compliance testing method is still conservative in comparison to the compliance toward BR of localized sources. However, in comparison to today's practice of applying RL directly, the overestimation is strongly reduced for high gradient fields (G n > 50 T/m/T), e.g., by more than 3000 times for field gradients of about 200 T/m/T. We have validated the method by numerical analysis of human exposure to actual WPT sources. The adoption of the new method will help to accelerate the introduction of high-power wireless charging devices in the global market.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Novel Method and Procedure for Evaluating Compliance of Sources With Strong Gradient Magnetic Fields Such as Wireless Power Transfer Systems

Liorni

Lisewski

Capstick

et al. 2020

IEEE Trans. Electromagn. Compat.

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“…A researcher can make new 3D models through segmenting new structures in the sectioned images of this study. Alternatively, a researcher can apply 3D models of the STL files in this study to phantom experiments for virtual computational dosimetry (Lee et al, ). To assist other researchers in producing similar projects based on the results of this study, we have made all of our results freely available at http://anatomy.dongguk.ac.kr/dog.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Software for browsing sectioned images of a dog body and generating a 3D model

Park

Jung

2015

The Anatomical Record

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The goals of this study were (1) to provide accessible and instructive browsing software for sectioned images and a portable document format (PDF) file that includes three-dimensional (3D) models of an entire dog body and (2) to develop techniques for segmentation and 3D modeling that would enable an investigator to perform these tasks without the aid of a computer engineer. To achieve these goals, relatively important or large structures in the sectioned images were outlined to generate segmented images. The sectioned and segmented images were then packaged into browsing software. In this software, structures in the sectioned images are shown in detail and in real color. After 3D models were made from the segmented images, the 3D models were exported into a PDF file. In this format, the 3D models could be manipulated freely. The browsing software and PDF file are available for study by students, for lecture for teachers, and for training for clinicians. These files will be helpful for anatomical study by and clinical training of veterinary students and clinicians. Furthermore, these techniques will be useful for researchers who study two-dimensional images and 3D models. Anat Rec, 299:81-87, 2016. V C 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

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“…The first studies used child head models that were linearly scaled down from a realistic adult model. The new advances enabled researchers to develop more realistic human models for numerical simulation of electromagnetic dose in different human tissues and organs [9][10][11].…”

Section: Head Size and Exposure Comparisonsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Children's Mobile Phone Use and Dosimetry

Lee¹,

Kwon²

2015

Journal of electromagnetic engineering and science

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Research results on possible effects caused by radiofrequency fields in children are limited because most of the studies published so far have focused on adults, rather than children. Mobile phone use is now widespread, even among younger children. If a biological risk due to mobile phone exposure is found, it might be greater in children because their bodies might be more sensitive to radiofrequency energy. The issue of a possible difference in sensitivity between adults and children begins with whether any difference exists physically in terms of electromagnetic absorption. This paper presents a review of recent publications on dosimetric comparisons between children and adults with respect to radiation from mobile phones. The issue of the health effects of mobile phone use is beyond the scope of the present review. Most of the dosimetry research on possible differences in power absorption between children and adults has been based on numerical modeling and analysis. The understanding of the results so far is presented and needed studies are described.Key Words: Adults, Children, Mobile Phone, Radio Frequency (RF), Specific Absorption Rate (SAR). This is an Open-Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/ by-nc/3.0) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. ⓒ

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Development of 7-Year-Old Korean Child Model for Computational Dosimetry

Cited by 31 publications

References 5 publications

Novel Method and Procedure for Evaluating Compliance of Sources With Strong Gradient Magnetic Fields Such as Wireless Power Transfer Systems

Novel Method and Procedure for Evaluating Compliance of Sources With Strong Gradient Magnetic Fields Such as Wireless Power Transfer Systems

Software for browsing sectioned images of a dog body and generating a 3D model

Children's Mobile Phone Use and Dosimetry

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