Development of a Bait and Baiting System for Delivery of Oral Rabies Vaccine to Free-Ranging African Wild Dogs (Lycaon Pictus)

Knobel, Darryn L.; Toit, Du; Bingham, John

doi:10.7589/0090-3558-38.2.352

Cited by 47 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 22 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…In addition, this method cannot be used for small pups without risk of trauma. Oral vaccination is a potential method for accessing larger numbers of dogs without the need to dart or capture (Knobel, du Toit & Bingham, 2002). Oral vaccines appear to be effective at stimulating neutralising antibody (van Heerden et al, 2002;Knobel, Lebenberg & du Toit, 2003).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

A second outbreak of rabies in African wild dogs (Lycaon pictus) in Madikwe Game Reserve, South Africa, demonstrating the efficacy of vaccination against natural rabies challenge

Hofmeyr

Nel

et al. 2004

Animal Conservation

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

A second outbreak of rabies in African wild dogs (Lycaon pictus) in Madikwe Game Reserve, South Africa, demonstrating the efficacy of vaccination against natural rabies challenge

Hofmeyr

Nel

et al. 2004

Animal Conservation

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Baits and baiting systems for delivery of rabies vaccines (19,32,43), plague vaccines (9), and immunocontraceptive vaccines (6) have proven successful. Other systems of tick control have been explored.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reservoir Targeted Vaccine for Lyme Borreliosis Induces a Yearlong, Neutralizing Antibody Response to OspA in White-Footed Mice

Richer

Aroso

Contente-Cuomo

et al. 2011

Clin Vaccine Immunol

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Lyme disease is caused by the spirochete Borrelia burgdorferi. The enzootic cycle of this pathogen requires that Ixodes spp. acquire B. burgdorferi from infected wildlife reservoirs and transmit it to other uninfected wildlife. At present, there are no effective measures to control B. burgdorferi; there is no human vaccine available, and existing vector control measures are generally not acceptable to the public. However, if B. burgdorferi could be eliminated from its reservoir hosts or from the ticks that feed on them, the enzootic cycle would be broken, and the incidence of Lyme disease would decrease. We developed OspA-RTV, a reservoir targeted bait vaccine (RTV) based on the immunogenic outer surface protein A (OspA) of B. burgdorferi aimed at breaking the natural cycle of this spirochete. White-footed mice, the major reservoir species for this spirochete in nature developed a systemic OspA-specific IgG response as a result of ingestion of the bait formulation. This immune response protected white-footed mice against B. burgdorferi infection upon tick challenge and cleared B. burgdorferi from the tick vector. In performing extensive studies to optimize the OspA-RTV for field deployment, we determined that mice that consumed the vaccine over periods of 1 or 4 months developed a yearlong, neutralizing anti-OspA systemic IgG response. Furthermore, we defined the minimum number of OspA-RTV units needed to induce a protective immune response.Lyme disease, caused by Borrelia burgdorferi, is the most common vector-borne disease in North America and Europe (2), and the area of where the disease is endemic is expanding (28,39,57). B. burgdorferi infection produces a progressive disease with a wide array of clinical manifestations involving the skin, heart, joints, and central and peripheral nervous system (46,(49)(50)(51). Disseminated infection can cause permanent damage to some of these systems (50). Lyme disease can be successfully treated with antibiotics, but recovery can involve a substantial convalescence period (31,40,41,58). No human vaccine is commercially available.In eastern North America, B. burgdorferi is transmitted among wildlife hosts and humans by Ixodes scapularis (1,4,5,34). I. scapularis has a 2-year life cycle with four life-stages: egg, larva, nymph and adult (1). The nymph is the tick life stage that infects humans (3,26,55). Control measures aimed at disrupting the triad vector-B. burgdorferi-vertebrate reservoir (54) will reduce the prevalence of B. burgdorferi and consequently should reduce the incidence of human Lyme disease.Oral immunization is not invasive, and it is suitable for economical mass vaccination campaigns. Outer surface protein A (OspA) remains the most effective vaccine candidate against B. burgdorferi, with an efficacy of 80 to 100% in mice (20)(21)(22)(23)25) and 75 to 80% in humans (52). We have shown that an OspA-based vaccine delivered via oral gavage inoculation or delivered as bait breaks the transmission cycle of B. burgdorferi in the Lyme disease mouse model the Mus...

show abstract

“…Baits and baiting systems have proven effective for delivery of rabies and plague vaccines (Pastoret et al, 1988; Creekmore et al, 2002; Knobel et al, 2002). An example of a successful application is the oral baited vaccine Raboral™ currently used by local governments in the United States to create barriers between infected wildlife and highly populated areas to prevent transmission of rabies (Blanton et al, 2012).…”

Section: Reservoir Targeted Vaccinesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Blocking pathogen transmission at the source: reservoir targeted OspA-based vaccines against Borrelia burgdorferi

Gomes-Solecki

2014

Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Control strategies are especially challenging for microbial diseases caused by pathogens that persist in wildlife reservoirs and use arthropod vectors to cycle amongst those species. One of the most relevant illnesses that pose a direct human health risk is Lyme disease; in the US, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention recently revised the probable number of cases by 10-fold, to 300,000 cases per year. Caused by Borrelia burgdorferi, Lyme disease can affect the nervous system, joints and heart. No human vaccine is approved by the Food and Drug Administration. In addition to novel human vaccines, new strategies for prevention of Lyme disease consist of pest management interventions, vector-targeted vaccines and reservoir-targeted vaccines. However, even human vaccines can not prevent Lyme disease expansion into other geographical areas. The other strategies aim at reducing tick density and at disrupting the transmission of B. burgdorferi by targeting one or more key elements that maintain the enzootic cycle: the reservoir host and/or the tick vector. Here, I provide a brief overview of the application of an OspA-based wildlife reservoir targeted vaccine aimed at reducing transmission of B. burgdorferi and present it as a strategy for reducing Lyme disease risk to humans.

show abstract

Development of a Bait and Baiting System for Delivery of Oral Rabies Vaccine to Free-Ranging African Wild Dogs (Lycaon Pictus)

Cited by 47 publications

References 22 publications

A second outbreak of rabies in African wild dogs (Lycaon pictus) in Madikwe Game Reserve, South Africa, demonstrating the efficacy of vaccination against natural rabies challenge

A second outbreak of rabies in African wild dogs (Lycaon pictus) in Madikwe Game Reserve, South Africa, demonstrating the efficacy of vaccination against natural rabies challenge

Reservoir Targeted Vaccine for Lyme Borreliosis Induces a Yearlong, Neutralizing Antibody Response to OspA in White-Footed Mice

Blocking pathogen transmission at the source: reservoir targeted OspA-based vaccines against Borrelia burgdorferi

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About