Development of a behavioural marker system for scrub practitioners' non‐technical skills (SPLINTS system)

Mitchell, Lucy; Flin, Rhona; Yule, Steven; Mitchell, Janet; Coutts, Kathy; Youngson, George

doi:10.1111/j.1365-2753.2012.01825.x

Cited by 92 publications

(81 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…A key development aim of this project was to create a tool that is easily used in the everyday setting. An overall structure similar to establish task specific rating systems was used to maximise familiarity for surgeons [8,9,6]. In addition, more specific detail was given to guide accurate behavioural assessment.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Recognition of the vital importance of NTS has resulted in the development of various NTS behavioural rating systems. Separate systems have been developed for assessment of the entire surgical team [3][4][5] as well as individual team members such as surgeons [6,7], anaesthetists [8] and scrub practitioners [9]. To be effective such rating systems must accurately capture relevant NTS behaviours.…”

Section: Development and Validation Of A Tool For Nontechnical Skillsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…ICARS was developed using a similar core framework to those described by previous role specific behavioural rating systems [6,9,8]. Development of ICARS was performed in three stages.…”

Section: Surgery (Icars) Behavioural Rating Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Development and validation of a tool for non-technical skills evaluation in robotic surgery—the ICARS system

et al. 2017

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Development and Validation Of A Tool For Nontechnical Skillsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Development and validation of a tool for non-technical skills evaluation in robotic surgery—the ICARS system

et al. 2017

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“…The elements related to specific behavioural markers and were informed by literature and existing NTS rating systems (6)(7)(8)(9)(10)(11)(12). Raters using the system were provided with four possible response items: demonstrated, not demonstrated, not clear and N/A.…”

Section: Insert Figure 1 Here Insert Figure 2 Here Insert Table 1 Herementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Behaviour rating systems have been developed within acute care to assess factors affecting patient safety behaviours for anaesthetists (Anaesthetists Non-Technical Skills (ANTS)) (6)(7)(8) surgeons (Non-Technical Skills for Surgeons (NOTSS)) (9,10) and scrub nurses (Scrub Practitioners List of Intra-Operative Non-Technical Skills (SPLINTS)) (11,12). These systems were developed to identify NTS underpinning good practice and their use has been fundamental to reducing unintended and avoidable harm.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of a behaviour rating system for rural/remote pre-hospital settings

et al. 2017

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Background: Remote and Rural pre-hospital care practitioners manage serious illness and injury on an unplanned basis, necessitating technical and non-technical skills (NTS). However, no behaviour rating systems currently address NTS within these settings. Informed by health psychology theory, a NTS-specific behaviour rating system was developed for use within pre-hospital care training for remote and rural practitioners.Method: The Immediate Medical Care Behaviour Rating System (IMCBRS), was informed by literature, expert advice and review and observation of an Immediate Medical Care (IMC) course. Once developed, the usability and appropriateness of the rating system was tested through observation of candidates' behaviour at IMC courses during simulated scenarios and rating their use of NTS using the IMCBRS.Results and Conclusion: Observation of training confirmed rating system items were demonstrated in 28-62% of scenarios, depending on context. The IMCBRS may thus be a useful addition to training for rural and remote practitioners. Highlights A patient safety behaviour rating system for rural/remote settings was developed.  Testing of the system suggests that its content may be appropriate and observable.  Some elements were more observable, which may affect future work using this system. BackgroundRural/remote practitioners manage serious illness and injury on an infrequent, unplanned basis. Within rural/remote settings the first person at the scene of a medical emergency is often a general practitioner (GP) or practice nurse. Compared to urban or hospital-based settings, those attending an emergency in these settings may be doing so single-handedly or with limited assistance, for considerable time within potentially harsh conditions, prior to an ambulance providing transport to definitive care. Quite often, working in such settings requires decisions to be made based on the distance to hospital and the patient's likelihood of survival. Effective pre-hospital care thus necessitates a high level of non-technical skills (NTS), such as communication and decision-making (1). The importance of NTS within these settings is evident within research which suggests the factors involved in the likelihood of surviving out of hospital cardiac arrest include a witnessed cardiac arrest, provision of bystander CPR, shockable cardiac rhythm and return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC) within the field (2). The tasks involved in this example necessitate communication skills involved in the provision of CPR (e.g. communicating planned actions to others) and decision-making skills (e.g. who should do what) about how to respond to the situation. In order for optimal care to be provided both technical (e.g. providing CPR) and non-technical (e.g. co-ordinating people at the scene of an emergency) skills need to be employed. Consequently, approaches to improving patient safety and clinical outcomes from emergency care should focus not only on clinical skills and operational and service factors, such as ensuring equipment ...

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Assessment of Scrub Practitioners’ List of Intraoperative Non‐Technical Skills (SPLINTS) in an Asian Ambulatory Surgical Setting

Loh¹,

Korne²,

Yin³

et al. 2019

AORN Journal

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Communication and other nontechnical skills can affect the number of adverse events occurring in perioperative areas. Our study assessed the properties of the Scrub Practitioners' List of Intraoperative Non-Technical Skills (SPLINTS) used to assess nontechnical skills of scrub nurses in a diverse Asian ophthalmic ambulatory setting. We evaluated the content validation index, cultural equivalence index, concurrent validity, interrater reliability, test-retest reliability, internal consistency, and concurrent validity. The content validity and cultural equivalence indices were 0.93 and 0.91, respectively. We found that the tool showed acceptable interrater reliability, acceptable test-retest reliability, and an appropriate Cronbach alpha ranging from 0.80 to 0.88. We found satisfactory concurrent validity between the SPLINTS and the communication and teamwork scale assessment (r s = 0.73, P < .001) and clinical teamwork scale (r s = 0.64, P < .001). We concluded that SPLINTS is a sound psychometric tool for assessing the nontechnical skills of culturally-diverse scrub persons in ambulatory surgery settings.

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Development of a behavioural marker system for scrub practitioners' non‐technical skills (SPLINTS system)

Abstract: A prototype behavioural rating system for scrub practitioners' non-technical skills was developed, to aid in teaching and providing formative assessment. This important aspect of performance is not currently explicitly addressed in any educational route to qualify as a scrub practitioner.

Cited by 92 publications

References 34 publications

Development and validation of a tool for non-technical skills evaluation in robotic surgery—the ICARS system

Development and validation of a tool for non-technical skills evaluation in robotic surgery—the ICARS system

Development of a behaviour rating system for rural/remote pre-hospital settings

Assessment of Scrub Practitioners’ List of Intraoperative Non‐Technical Skills (SPLINTS) in an Asian Ambulatory Surgical Setting

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