Development of a Biokinetic Model to Evaluate Dermal Absorption of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons from Soil

Shatkin, Jo Anne; Wagle, Mandeera; Kent, Sean; Menzie, Charles A.

doi:10.1080/20028091057169

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…Most previous work has been concerned with integrated uptake of chemicals through the skin and not with how a contaminant reaches the skin surface in the first place. However, only a contaminant that reaches the skin surface is available for dermal absorption (Roy et al, 1998; Shatkin et al, 2002). Desorption properties, such as dynamic conditions by which soil contacts the skin, interactions of the soil with the skin surface and chemical interaction with the soil, have been identified to influence dermal uptake of chemicals (McKone and Howd, 1992; Spalt et al, 2009).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…By incorporating two-compartment desorption kinetics into a fugacity model, Shatkin et al (2002) illustrated that a greater rapid-desorbing fraction of a chemical would result in greater dermal uptake. In most previous experimental work on dermal uptake of contaminants from soil, an individual contaminant was introduced into the soil through a solvent that subsequently evaporated (Spalt et al, 2009).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Desorption of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons from field-contaminated soil to a two-dimensional hydrophobic surface before and after bioremediation

Aitken

2012

Chemosphere

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Dermal exposure can represent a significant health risk in settings involving potential contact with soil contaminated with polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). However, there is limited work on the ability of PAHs in contaminated soil to reach the skin surface via desorption from the soil. We evaluated PAH desorption from a field-contaminated soil to a two-dimensional hydrophobic surface (C18 extraction disk) as a measure of potential dermal exposure as a function of soil loading (5 to 100 mg dry soil/cm2), temperature (20 °C to 40 °C), and soil moisture content (2% to 40%) over periods up to 16 d. The efficacy of bioremediation in removing the most readily desorbable PAH fractions was also evaluated. Desorption kinetics were described well by an empirical two-compartment kinetic model. PAH mass desorbed to the C18 disk kept increasing at soil loadings well above the estimated monolayer coverage, suggesting mechanisms for PAH transport to the surface other than by direct contact. Such mechanisms were reinforced by observations that desorption occurred even with dry or moist glass microfiber filters placed between the C18 disk and the soil. Desorption of all PAHs was substantially reduced at a soil moisture content corresponding to field capacity, suggesting that transport through pore air contributed to PAH transport to the C18 disk. The lower molecular weight PAHs had greater potential to desorb from soil than higher molecular weight PAHs. Biological treatment of the soil in a slurry-phase bioreactor completely eliminated PAH desorption to the C18 disks.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Desorption of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons from field-contaminated soil to a two-dimensional hydrophobic surface before and after bioremediation

Aitken

2012

Chemosphere

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“…Available dermal uptake models are based on steady state permeability, ( 14, 15 ) estimates of cumulative mass uptake from short‐term loading from contact with soil or during showers, ( 16, 17 ) analytical transient models for single‐contact events, ( 18–22 ) and numerical solutions to single‐contact events. ( 23 ) To simplify analyses, steady‐state conditions for dermal absorption are often assumed when conducting dermal risk assessments.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Estimating Contaminant Dose for Intermittent Dermal Contact: Model Development, Testing, and Application

Riley

McKone²,

Hubal³

2004

Risk Analysis

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Assessments of aggregate exposure to pesticides and other surface contamination in residential environments are often driven by assumptions about dermal contacts. Accurately predicting cumulative doses from realistic skin contact scenarios requires characterization of exposure scenarios, skin surface loading and unloading rates, and contaminant movement through the epidermis. In this article we (1) develop and test a finite-difference model of contaminant transport through the epidermis; (2) develop archetypal exposure scenarios based on behavioral data to estimate characteristic loading and unloading rates; and (3) quantify 24-hour accumulation below the epidermis by applying a Monte Carlo simulation of these archetypal exposure scenarios. The numerical model, called Transient Transport through the epiDERMis (TTDERM), allows us to account for variable exposure times and time between exposures, temporal and spatial variations in skin and compound properties, and uncertainty in model parameters. Using TTDERM we investigate the use of a macro-activity parameter (cumulative contact time) for predicting daily (24-hour) integrated uptake of pesticides during complex exposure scenarios. For characteristic child behaviors and hand loading and unloading rates, we find that a power law represents the relationship between cumulative contact time and cumulative mass transport through the skin. With almost no loss of reliability, this simple relationship can be used in place of the more complex micro-activity simulations that require activity data on one- to five-minute intervals. The methods developed in this study can be used to guide dermal exposure model refinements and exposure measurement study design.

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Environmental health and risk assessment metrics with special mention to biotransfer, bioaccumulation and biomagnification of environmental pollutants

Chormare

Kumar

2022

Chemosphere

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Development of a Biokinetic Model to Evaluate Dermal Absorption of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons from Soil

Cited by 5 publications

References 0 publications

Desorption of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons from field-contaminated soil to a two-dimensional hydrophobic surface before and after bioremediation

Desorption of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons from field-contaminated soil to a two-dimensional hydrophobic surface before and after bioremediation

Estimating Contaminant Dose for Intermittent Dermal Contact: Model Development, Testing, and Application

Environmental health and risk assessment metrics with special mention to biotransfer, bioaccumulation and biomagnification of environmental pollutants

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