Development of a Comprehensive Land Use Plan by Means of a Multiple Objective Mathematical Programming Model

Abstract

An optimization model was developed which enabled Du Page County Planners to prepare a comprehensive land use plan that considers several objectives simultaneously and also satisfies constraints on desired growth patterns. The plan has been endorsed by several Homeowners Associations, interested citizens groups, and by the various municipalities which have jurisdiction over their individual cities. Thirty-one of the thirty-two municipalities have accepted the County's plan (revisions were asked on only 0.5 percent of the acreage). The County's plan reduced, by 50 percent, the unrealistic high acreages demanded by the communities plan for land uses which generate large net tax revenues. If the communities' plan were to be implemented it would cost an additional 414 million dollars in developmental and energy costs. Of course, it is possible that the communities would become aware of the needs of the citizenry and could change their plans as time progressed and thus the difference in costs would become smaller. On the other hand, many of these developmental costs are irreversible and money once spent on them cannot be recovered. The optimizing function was obtained by weighting the following objectives: minimize “conflict” between adjacent land uses, minimize travel time, minimize tax costs, minimize adverse environmental impact, and minimize costs of community facilities. The land use plan was also used to predict population and employment in various years. The land use plan and the transportation study interacted several times to consider how the results of one affected the other. Thus, this model provided a new framework for the decision-makers to evaluate their existing and proposed programs and policies.

Optimization and Control of the Urban Spatial Dynamics

“…In a planning process, this depends on what one assumes about the relative importance of different types of land use hplanners typically want to ensure that a given proportion of land is assigned to residential use, for example, and to ensure Beckman [6] . Later the optimization process was proposed in the context of rational urban planning [7,8] , as well as in architectonic design [9] . Recently new methods for the research of the global optimum such as genetic algorithm have been utilized in order to establish the set of effi cient alternatives in a multi-objective optimization [10,11] .…”

“…Each element g ij of the matrix is the ratio: utility generated by the cell i in the cell jtotal utility generated in cell j by the whole set of cells, as in the following expression: (8) …”

Fuzzy optimization model for land use change

“…Other similar models were built in the same period such as the Southern Wisconsin Regional Plan Model [16] and Britton Harris' Optimizing Model -a modification of the Herbert-Stevens model [17]. More applications ensued in the following decades up to the present [18,19,20,21,22]. In the following, the basic structure of a LP model is presented first and, then, details of its applications drawing on the published literature are offered.…”

Impacts of Planners' Different Viewpoints on Optimum Land-Use Allocation

“…On the contrary, MODA is useful in the determination of the optimum alternative when the alternatives are indefinite or unlimited. The use of MODA is widespread in a number of planning-related areas such as the definition of the optimum land allocation model (Bammi & Bammi, 1979;Gilbert et al, 1985;Chuvieco, 1993;Dokmeci et al, 1993;Grabaum & Meyer, 1998;Gabriel et al, 2006;Ligmann-Zielinska et al, 2008), site selection of urban social and technical infrastructure (Malczewski, 1991;Minor & Jacobs, 1994;Eastman et al, 1995;Maniezzo et al, 1998;Cheng et al, 2003), land allocation problems with a shape constraint such as compactness (Aerts & Heuvelink, 2002;Aerts et al, 2003); convexity and contiguity (Minor & Jacobs, 1994;Williams, 2003;Shirabe, 2005) and the environmental impact assessment (Malczewski et al, 1997). MODA is a design technique which determines the optimum solution or the best alternative.…”