Development of a decentralized innovative brackish water treatment unit for the production of drinking water

Loizidou, Maria; Μουστάκας, Κωνσταντίνος; Malamis, Dimitris; Rusan, M.; Haralambous, K.J.

doi:10.1080/19443994.2014.933631

Cited by 7 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…Ref. [79] analyzed the technical feasibility of brackish water treatment for a small village in Jordan with no access to electricity. A hybrid energy system was proposed, comprised of 2 kW of solar PV, a 10 kW wind system, and a 13 kW hydro-system, resulting in the production of 40 m 3 day −1 of drinking water.…”

Section: Pv Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Analysis of Energy Consumption and the Use of Renewables for a Small Drinking Water Treatment Plant

Bukhary

Batista

Ahmad

2019

Water

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One of the pressing issues currently faced by the water industry is incorporating sustainability considerations into design practice and reducing the carbon emissions of energy-intensive processes. Water treatment, an indispensable step for safeguarding public health, is an energy-intensive process. The purpose of this study was to analyze the energy consumption of an existing drinking water treatment plant (DWTP), then conduct a modeling study for using photovoltaics (PVs) to offset that energy consumption, and thus reduce emissions. The selected plant, located in southwestern United States, treats 0.425 m 3 of groundwater per second by utilizing the processes of coagulation, filtration, and disinfection. Based on the energy consumption individually determined for each unit process (validated using the DWTP's data), the DWTP was sized for PVs (as a modeling study). The results showed that the dependency of a DWTP on the traditional electric grid could be greatly reduced by the use of PVs. The largest consumption of energy was associated with the pumping operations, corresponding to 150.6 Wh m −3 for the booster pumps to covey water to the storage tanks, while the energy intensity of the water treatment units was found to be 3.1 Wh m −3 . A PV system with a 1.5 MW capacity with battery storage (30 MWh) was found to have a positive net present value and a levelized cost of electricity of 3.1 cents kWh −1 . A net reduction in the carbon emissions was found as 950 and 570 metric tons of CO 2 -eq year −1 due to the PV-based design, with and without battery storage, respectively.Water 2020, 12, 28 2 of 21 consumption of drinking water and wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) has been evaluated by various studies [7][8][9][10][11][12]. Ref. [8,9] determined the energy consumption and the associated carbon emissions for water reuse plants and WWTPs, respectively, whereas [11] utilized metafrontier data envelopment analysis to analyze the energy efficiency of DWTPs. Ref. [12] reported that the city of Qingdao, China, utilized about 1% of its total energy consumption for drinking water treatment, whereas utilization was 4%-5% for the distribution of the drinking water, as well as the treatment of the generated wastewater.The changing climate, coupled with the growing population, places increased demands on water treatment facilities [13]. Between the years 1950-2000, the United States' population increased from 152.3 to 272.7 million [14], but the demands on its water supply systems increased by more than three-fold during this period, as determined by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) [15]. The energy consumption of DWTPs and WWTPs corresponds to about 56-75 billion kWh year −1 [16,17], and costs about $4 billion annually [6]. These facilities account for up to 35% of a municipal government's energy budget [18]. A reduction in carbon emissions and reduced energy costs may be the motivating factors for incorporating PVs into the design of existing water infrastructures [15]. Ref. [19] determined that among t...

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Section: Pv Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Analysis of Energy Consumption and the Use of Renewables for a Small Drinking Water Treatment Plant

Bukhary

Batista

Ahmad

2019

Water

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“…It has been estimated that approximately 783 million people worldwide do not have access to treated water supplies, even though clean drinking water is a basic requirement of human life. In developed countries, where there is a sufficient supply of clean drinking water, water treatment is conventionally carried out in a multi‐step process of coagulation, sedimentation, filtration, and disinfection .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimizing Humic Acid Removal by Modifying the Surface Chemistry of Plasma Polymerized Allylamine Coated Particles

Jarvis

Majewski

2016

Plasma Processes & Polymers

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Plasma polymerized allylamine films were deposited onto quartz particles at low pressure to optimize humic acid removal by varying the plasma power, flow rate, and polymerization times. Increasing the plasma power increased the number of positively charged groups and humic acid removal. Increasing the allylamine flow rate increased the number of positively charged groups but maximum humic acid removal was observed at 6.48 sccm due to humic acid removal by positively charged and uncharged crosslinked species. Longer polymerization times increased the number of positively charged groups while similar humic acid removal resulted as the larger humic acid molecule cannot penetrate as readily into the film as the acid orange 7 used to determine the number of positively charged groups. Manipulation of the plasma parameters has shown to provide significant control over humic acid removal.

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Public perception about community reverse osmosis-treated water, its acceptability, and barriers in choice of safe drinking water

Ravindra

Sarwa

Bhatnagar

et al. 2019

Environ Dev Sustain

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Development of a decentralized innovative brackish water treatment unit for the production of drinking water

Cited by 7 publications

References 13 publications

An Analysis of Energy Consumption and the Use of Renewables for a Small Drinking Water Treatment Plant

An Analysis of Energy Consumption and the Use of Renewables for a Small Drinking Water Treatment Plant

Optimizing Humic Acid Removal by Modifying the Surface Chemistry of Plasma Polymerized Allylamine Coated Particles

Public perception about community reverse osmosis-treated water, its acceptability, and barriers in choice of safe drinking water

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