Development of a deep karst system within a transpressional structure of the Dolomites in north-east Italy

Sauro, Francesco; Zampieri, Dario; Filipponi, Marco

doi:10.1016/j.geomorph.2012.11.014

Cited by 41 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…This situation is similar to the aquifers studied by many authors (e.g. Luhmann et al 2011;Sauro et al 2013). The shallow groundwater sources at both the abutments are mainly recharged by precipitation on the karstified surface of the AF sub-aquifer.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 84%

Salman Farsi Dam reservoir, a successful project on a karstified foundation, SW Iran

Mozafari

Raeisi

2016

Environ Earth Sci

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The Salman Farsi Dam is constructed on the Ghareh Aghaj River at the northern limb of Changal Anticline, SW Iran. The anticline is composed of the calcareous Asmari Formation (AF) sandwiched between two marly formations, the Pabdeh-Gurpi (PGF) and Razak (RF). The AF is divided into three units: lower (LAF) marl and limestone, middle (MAF) karstified limestone, and upper (UAF) marl and marly limestone. The dam is constructed on the MAF, and the reservoir is in direct contact with the MAF, UAF and RF. A huge relict cave was discovered during excavation of grouting galleries in the MAF. In this research, the potential leakage passage (PLP) is defined as parts of the karst aquifer located lower than the normal water level (NWL) of reservoir, in which the reservoir water has potential to be leaked toward downstream, assuming no grout curtain construction. The PLP is composed of the inlet windows, transfer passage, and discharge zones. At the Salman Farsi Dam, the PLP is determined by three alternative schematic models considering hydrogeological and geological settings. At this dam site, the grout curtain was properly designed from the MAF toward the downstream LAF, at the narrowest part of the PLP and bypassing the huge cave. The grout curtain was successful in blocking the PLP based on the negligible leakage, and high differences between water level in the pair piezometers at the upstream and downstream sides of the grout curtain. It is recommended to determine the PLP in future dam construction in karst terrains.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 84%

Salman Farsi Dam reservoir, a successful project on a karstified foundation, SW Iran

Mozafari

Raeisi

2016

Environ Earth Sci

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“…The slow dissolution rates of limestone and, more particularly, dolomite result in relatively slow rates of landscape evolution in these terrains (Ford and Williams, 2007;Sauro et al, 2013), making it difficult to explore the effects of Quaternary climate changes on landscape development. Gypsum is much more soluble and therefore has excellent potential for investigating the effects of centennial-to millennialscale climate change on karst evolution.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gypsum caves as indicators of climate-driven river incision and aggradation in a rapidly uplifting region

Columbu¹,

Waele²,

Forti³

et al. 2015

Geology

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Detailed geomorphological analysis has revealed that subhorizontal gypsum caves in the Northern Apennines (Italy) cut across bedding planes. These cave levels formed during cold periods with stable river beds, and are coeval with fluvial terraces of rivers that flow perpendicular to the strike of bedding in gypsum monoclines. When rivers entrench, renewed cave formation occurs very rapidly, resulting in the formation of a lower level. River aggradation causes cave alluviation and upward dissolution (paragenesis) in passages nearest to the river beds. The U-Th dating of calcite speleothems provides a minimum age for the formation of the cave passage in which they grew, which in turn provides age control on cave levels. The ages of all speleothems coincide with warmer and wetter periods when CO 2 availability in the soils covering these gypsum areas was greater. This climate-driven speleogenetic model of epigenic gypsum caves in moderately to rapidly uplifting areas in temperate regions might be generally applicable to karst systems in different geological and climatic conditions.

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“…In the case of rainfall in karstic environments, fault intersection focuses water infiltration mostly coming from runoff, potentially forming sub-vertical cave conduits within the vadose zone. Cave examples in the eastern Southern Alps Vadose corroborate that sub-vertical conduits mostly develop along faults (Sauro et al, 2013). Paleo-phreatic levels give us the opportunity to analyze the incidence of fractures within the conduit formation at the phreatic zone.…”

Section: Fracture Control In Cave Formationmentioning

confidence: 84%

Structural controls on karstic conduits in a collisional orogen (Sierra de las Nieves, Betic Cordillera, S Spain)

et al. 2015

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Development of a deep karst system within a transpressional structure of the Dolomites in north-east Italy

Cited by 41 publications

References 30 publications

Salman Farsi Dam reservoir, a successful project on a karstified foundation, SW Iran

Salman Farsi Dam reservoir, a successful project on a karstified foundation, SW Iran

Gypsum caves as indicators of climate-driven river incision and aggradation in a rapidly uplifting region

Structural controls on karstic conduits in a collisional orogen (Sierra de las Nieves, Betic Cordillera, S Spain)

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