“…Aramid nanofibers (ANFs), exfoliate from Kevlar, which is recognized as one of the strongest fibers, preserve the highly aligned backbones and mechanical properties of Kevlar, and gain new structural characteristics of nanofibers . Thus, ANFs has been extensively studied as both a reinforcing agent and a skeleton for building high-strength materials. , ANFs can be assembled into hydrogels through simple processes such as solvent exchange and acid volatilization, meanwhile, allowing for integration with many other nanomaterials to fabricate various composite hydrogels. , The ANF-based hydrogels exhibit favorable mechanical properties, high water content, and large specific areas, together with excellent blood compatibility and noncytotoxicity, showing broad application prospects in the biomedical field. , For example, ANFs can hybrid with carbon nanotubes to form porous beads that own efficacies include the suppression of coagulant activation, the limitation of platelet activation, and the inhibition of inflammatory activation, as well as display high removal efficiency toward bilirubin and creatinine; ANFs can enhance the biological performance of polysulfone and polyethersulfone membranes, and enable the efficient adsorption of small molecular creatinine toxins during dialysis . ANF hydrogels can adsorb antibacterial drugs to form antibacterial wound dressings, and accelerate the in vivo healing process of bacterial-infected wounds .…”