Development of a framework for effective community engagement in Ontario, Canada

Jabbar, Amina; Abelson, Julia

doi:10.1016/j.healthpol.2010.08.024

Cited by 20 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…A key element is that such engagement operates at the collective rather than individual level, so as to provide a supportive environment for change. Building on existing relationships is well documented in the literature as one of the strategies to engage the greater community, [37][38][39] while there is also evidence that the type of engagement needs to be very population and context specific. Popay 40 reinforces the idea of context specificity, noting that the appropriate level of engagement will range from provision of information, consultation, coproduction, or delegated power, to full community control ( Figure 3).…”

Section: What Is Community Engagement?mentioning

confidence: 99%

Can community-based peer support promote health literacy and reduce inequalities? A realist review

Harris

Springett

Croot

et al. 2015

Public Health Research

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BackgroundCommunity-based peer support (CBPS) has been proposed as a potentially promising approach to improve health literacy (HL) and reduce health inequalities. Peer support, however, is described as a public health intervention in search of a theory, and as yet there are no systematic reviews exploring why or how peer support works to improve HL.ObjectiveTo undertake a participatory realist synthesis to develop a better understanding of the potential for CBPS to promote better HL and reduce health inequalities.Data sourcesQualitative evidence syntheses, conceptual reviews and primary studies evaluating peer-support programmes; related studies that informed theoretical or contextual elements of the studies of interest were included. We conducted searches covering 1975 to October 2011 across Scopus, Global Health (including MEDLINE), ProQuest Dissertations & Theses database (PQDT) [including the Education Resources Information Center (ERIC) and Social Work Abstracts], The King’s Fund Database and Web of Knowledge, and the Institute of Development Studies supplementary strategies were used for the identification of grey literature. We developed a new approach to searching called ‘cluster searching’, which uses a variety of search techniques to identify papers or other research outputs that relate to a single study.Study eligibility criteriaStudies written in English describing CBPS research/evaluation, and related papers describing theory, were included.Study appraisal and synthesis methodsStudies were selected on the basis of relevance in the first instance. We first analysed within-programme articulation of theory and appraised for coherence. Cross-programme analysis was used to configure relationships among context, mechanisms and outcomes. Patterns were then identified and compared with theories relevant to HL and health inequalities to produce a middle-range theory.ResultsThe synthesis indicated that organisations, researchers and health professionals that adopt an authoritarian design for peer-support programmes risk limiting the ability of peer supporters (PSs) to exercise autonomy and use their experiential knowledge to deliver culturally tailored support. Conversely, when organisations take a negotiated approach to codesigning programmes, PSs are enabled to establish meaningful relationships with people in socially vulnerable groups. CBPS is facilitated when organisations prioritise the importance of assessing community needs; investigate root causes of poor health and well-being; allow adequate time for development of relationships and connections; value experiential cultural knowledge; and share power and control during all stages of design and implementation. The theory now needs to be empirically tested via further primary research.LimitationsAnalysis and synthesis were challenged by a lack of explicit links between peer support for marginalised groups and health inequalities; explicitly stated programme theory; inconsistent reporting of context and mechanism; poor reporting of intermediate process outcomes; and the use of theories aimed at individual-level behaviour change for community-based interventions.ConclusionsPeer-support programmes have the potential to improve HL and reduce health inequalities but potential is dependent upon the surrounding equity context. More explicit empirical research is needed, which establishes clearer links between peer-supported HL and health inequalities.Study registrationThis study is registered as PROSPERO CRD42012002297.FundingThe National Institute for Health Research Public Health Research programme.

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Section: What Is Community Engagement?mentioning

confidence: 99%

Can community-based peer support promote health literacy and reduce inequalities? A realist review

Harris

Springett

Croot

et al. 2015

Public Health Research

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“…This approach and its qualitative and quantitative methods have been well described elsewhere [37,39,43,[45][46][47][48].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Application of a Mixed Methods Approach to Identify Community-Level Solutions to Decrease Racial Disparities in Infant Mortality

Kasehagen¹,

Brandert²,

Nickol³

et al. 2014

J. Racial and Ethnic Health Disparities

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Objectives This study aimed to identify community-level actions to decrease racial disparities in infant mortality (IM). Design Six urban multidisciplinary teams generated ideas for decreasing racial disparities in IM using a mixed methods concept mapping approach. Participants rated each idea as to its necessity and action potential and grouped ideas by theme. A cluster analysis produced a series of visual representations, showing relationships between the identified actions and the clustering of actions into themes. Multidimensional scaling techniques were used to produce analyses describing the necessity of and action potential for implementing the proposed ideas. Participants identified actions communities could take to decrease racial disparities in IM and suggested applications of the knowledge gained from the mapping process. Results Participants produced a total of 128 actions, within 11 thematic clusters, for decreasing racial disparities in IM. The thematic clusters contained a range of elements designed to promote knowledge and understanding of the relationship between health and racism; improve educational systems and community opportunities; facilitate community-driven health promotion, marketing, and research; improve health services -014-0008-4 for women; address physical and social environments that impact community health; prioritize resource allocation of community-based services; institutionalize strategies that promote equity across all systems; and create and support legislation and policies that address social determinants of health. Correlation coefficients of the clusters ranged from 0.17 to 0.90. Average necessity ratings ranged from 2.17 to 3.73; average action potential ratings ranged from 1.64 to 3.61. Conclusion Findings suggest that thematic clusters with high action potential usually represented ongoing community activities or actions communities could easily initiate. Community size, existing programs, partnerships, policies, and influential advocates were among the factors cited affecting feasibility of implementation. Clusters with lower action potential require broader, longer term, policy, institutional or systemwide changes, and significant resources. High necessity clusters often contained actions perceived as essential for change, but sometimes outside of a community's control. Participants identified a number of practical actions that were considered to hold potential for individual, community, and institutional changes which could result in decreasing racial disparities in IM.. Racial and Ethnic Health Disparities (2014) 1:69-84 DOI 10.1007/s40615

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“…Most previous research evaluating involvement processes has focused on structural aspects: for instance, transparency and costeffectiveness (Jabbar and Abelson, 2011;Mittler et al, 2013;Oliver et al, 2008). Alternatively, some studies have focused on broader aspects, such as how inclusive and democratic is the process (Abelson, 2001;Arnstein, 1969;Baggott, 2005;Barnes et al, 2003;Head, 2007).…”

Section: Theoretical Approach and Key Conceptsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Currently, there are numerous involvement processes being used by Western countries in various areas of public policy, with little consistency in their methods, objectives and patterns of implementation (Baggott, 2005;Stewart, 2013). Some attempts have been made to develop frameworks to categorise and evaluate such processes (Abelson et al, 2003;Barnes, 1999;Jabbar and Abelson, 2011;OECD, 2001;Oliver et al, 2001;Frewer, 2000, 2005;Rowe et al, 2004). However, to date, there is still little consensus on optimal methods for involving citizens in government decision making.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Power relations and contrasting conceptions of evidence in patient-involvement processes used to inform health funding decisions in Australia

Lopes

Carter

Street

2015

Social Science & Medicine

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Development of a framework for effective community engagement in Ontario, Canada

Cited by 20 publications

References 17 publications

Can community-based peer support promote health literacy and reduce inequalities? A realist review

Can community-based peer support promote health literacy and reduce inequalities? A realist review

Application of a Mixed Methods Approach to Identify Community-Level Solutions to Decrease Racial Disparities in Infant Mortality

Power relations and contrasting conceptions of evidence in patient-involvement processes used to inform health funding decisions in Australia

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