Development of a friction test apparatus for simulating the ultra-high pressure environment of the deep ocean

Wu, Defa; Guan, Ziwei; Cheng, Qian; Guo, Wei; Tang, Manshu; Liu, Yinshui

doi:10.1016/j.wear.2020.203294

Cited by 15 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…Similar transfer behavior in the deep sea was previously observed for polyetheretherketone (PEEK), 49 POM, 5 and PBT composites filled with different functional fillers 6,7 . The effect of FGr on the wear resistance overwhelms that of the SiO 2 aerogel/PBT composite but is slightly weaker than that of the poly(methylsilsesquioxane) (PMSQ) microspheres.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 82%

Fluorinated graphite reinforced polytetrafluoroethylene/poly(butylene terephthalate) composites as friction materials for deep‐sea applications

Su,

Wang,

Liu

et al. 2024

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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The application of polymer composites is one of the most effective methods for preventing lubrication failure in deep‐sea engineering. In this study, fluorinated graphite (FGr) microsheets were incorporated into polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) microparticle‐filled poly(butylene terephthalate) (PBT) composites. The tribological performance in the simulated deep‐sea environment at elevated seawater pressure equivalent to 3000 m ocean depth was investigated. The results showed that FGr enhances the flexural and compressive strengths, thermal stability, and seawater resistance of the PTFE/PBT composite. The wear rate was decreased to 96% at the critical FGr content of 4% by improving the transfer onto the metallic counterfaces, preventing direct contact and shear between friction couples. Moreover, the seawater pressure impedes composite transfer, leading to a 29% increase in the wear rate.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 82%

Fluorinated graphite reinforced polytetrafluoroethylene/poly(butylene terephthalate) composites as friction materials for deep‐sea applications

Su,

Wang,

Liu

et al. 2024

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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“…New friction and wear testers are demanded for evaluation of tribology performance in extreme environment and work conditions, which are not able to be simulated on conventional tribometers. A friction testing apparatus for simulating the ultra-high pressure environment of deep-ocean [364], a tribology cell attachable to a rheometer for simulation of grinding process of steel balls by coated sandpapers [365], and a whirling arm rain erosion rig for evaluation of wind turbine materials against raindrop impacts [366] have been built respectively. Accelerated testing of carburizable martensitic stainless steels for aerospace bearings in harsh environments has been performed by using electrochemical tests under elevated corrosion conditions [367].…”

Section: Physical Modelling and Testingmentioning

confidence: 99%

A review of advances in tribology in 2020–2021

Meng

et al. 2022

Friction

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Around 1,000 peer-reviewed papers were selected from 3,450 articles published during 2020–2021, and reviewed as the representative advances in tribology research worldwide. The survey highlights the development in lubrication, wear and surface engineering, biotribology, high temperature tribology, and computational tribology, providing a show window of the achievements of recent fundamental and application researches in the field of tribology.

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“…Specifically, 316 stainless steel, widely used for its excellent corrosion resistance, shows limitations in corrosive salt-based seawater environments [4]. The synergy of corrosion and wear, particularly studied in simulated environments like artificial seawater, reveals complex interactions during the damage and recovery of the material's passive layer [5][6][7]. Creating protective coatings on material surfaces through various deposition processes is an effective way to enhance the wear and corrosion resistance of marine equipment materials.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tribological and Corrosion Performance of CrAlN/CrN Coatings in Artificial Seawater under Varied Nitrogen Pressures

Li,

Yu,

Zou

et al. 2023

Coatings

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This study employed arc ion plating technology to deposit CrAlN/CrN coatings on stainless steel substrates, adjusting deposition pressures ranging from 1.0 Pa to 4.0 Pa. A detailed analysis of the coatings’ microstructure, wear, and corrosion features was performed using X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, nanoindentation, tribometers, profilometers, and electrochemical workstations. The study revealed that the crystalline structure of the CrAlN/CrN coatings primarily consists of cubic crystals of AlN, (Cr, Al)N, and CrN. Diffraction peak intensity analysis revealed preferential orientation in the CrAlN coatings along the (111) and (200) crystal planes. As the pressure increased to 3.0 Pa, the content of Al elements peaked, and the columnar structure became denser; at this point, the H/E* ratio reached a maximum of 0.079, indicating excellent delamination and fracture resistance of the CrAlN/CrN coating at this pressure. Tests in artificial seawater environments showed that with the increase in nitrogen pressure, the friction coefficient gradually decreased, reaching its lowest at 3 Pa, approximately 0.19. The wear rate trend aligned with the friction coefficient, recorded at a mere 2.20 × 10−7 mm3/Nm. Electrochemical polarization curve tests revealed that at 3 Pa pressure, the CrAlN/CrN coating had a corrosion potential of −0.04 V, a polarization resistance of 9.28 × 105 Ω·cm2, and a very low corrosion current of 4.81 × 10−8 A/cm2, demonstrating excellent corrosion resistance.

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Development of a friction test apparatus for simulating the ultra-high pressure environment of the deep ocean

Cited by 15 publications

References 31 publications

Fluorinated graphite reinforced polytetrafluoroethylene/poly(butylene terephthalate) composites as friction materials for deep‐sea applications

Fluorinated graphite reinforced polytetrafluoroethylene/poly(butylene terephthalate) composites as friction materials for deep‐sea applications

A review of advances in tribology in 2020–2021

Tribological and Corrosion Performance of CrAlN/CrN Coatings in Artificial Seawater under Varied Nitrogen Pressures

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