Development of a Functional Model Describing the Influence of Signal Proteins on the Osteointegration Process

Abstract

Dental implantation is a fairly popular method of restoring a lost tooth, which has clear advantages, such as durability, strength, no additional load on adjacent teeth, as well as the external naturalness and aesthetics of the implant. However, despite the latest developments in this area, the problem of osseointegration success remains, and the factors of its impairment are still not limited only to the dentist’s mistake. In this regard, it is necessary to study in detail the signaling molecules of the “implant-bone” system to track the correctness of the course of every osseointegration stage, and possibly control them. This article presents a functional model with information on the effect of signaling protein molecules on osteogenic cells with a detailed action description of each signaling molecule in each osseointegration subprocess. Based on the data collected here, in subsequent studies, it will be possible to predict the success, quality, and intensity of osseointegration. A detailed analysis of the data presented here can help minimize dental implantation failure. In the future, it is necessary to study the possibility of influencing the osseointegration process by changing the expression or suppression of individual signaling molecules. It is important that such therapy can minimize the impact of non-compliance with the doctor’s recommendations by the patient on the process of osseointegration. Thus, another huge layer of reasons for possible implant rejection will disappear.