Development of a gas chromatography compatible Sample Processing System (SPS) for the in-situ analysis of refractory organic matter in martian soil: preliminary results

Buch, Arnaud; Sternberg, R.; Szopa, Cyril; Freissinet, Caroline; Garnier, Carole; Bekri, J. El; Rodier, C.; Navarro‐González, R.; Raulin, F.; Cabane, Michel; Stambouli, Moncef; Glavin, Daniel P.; Mahaffy, P. R.

doi:10.1016/j.asr.2008.05.001

Cited by 36 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…SAM will perform a one-pot wet chemistry experiment that uses N-methyl-N-(tertbutyldimethylsilyl)trifluoroacetamide (MTBSTFA) to facilitate the detection of amino acids and carboxylic acids (Buch 98et al, 2009). The most recently reported one-step protocol for extraction and derivatization of acids requires a separate system for derivatization and the use of an organic solvent, such as dimethylformamide, with recovery and derivatization rates for amino acids ranging from 30% to 100 % (Buch et al, 2009). Our method requires no organic solvents, can be used with aqueous extraction techniques like subcritical water extraction , and the derivatization reaction can be performed on the same microfluidic device used for separations.…”

Section: Comparison With Instruments For Organic Chemical Explorationmentioning

confidence: 97%

Analysis of Carbonaceous Biomarkers with the Mars Organic Analyzer Microchip Capillary Electrophoresis System: Carboxylic Acids

Stockton

Tjin²,

Chiesl³

et al. 2011

Astrobiology

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The oxidizing surface chemistry on Mars argues that any comprehensive search for organic compounds indicative of life requires methods to analyze higher oxidation states of carbon with very low limits of detection. To address this goal, microchip capillary electrophoresis (μCE) methods were developed for analysis of carboxylic acids with the Mars Organic Analyzer (MOA). Fluorescent derivatization was achieved by activation with the water soluble 1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)carbodiimide (EDC) followed by reaction with Cascade Blue hydrazide in 30 mM borate, pH 3. A standard containing 12 carboxylic acids found in terrestrial life was successfully labeled and separated in 30 mM borate at pH 9.5, 20 °C by using the MOA CE system. Limits of detection were 5-10 nM for aliphatic monoacids, 20 nM for malic acid (diacid), and 230 nM for citric acid (triacid). Polyacid benzene derivatives containing 2, 3, 4, and 6 carboxyl groups were also analyzed. In particular, mellitic acid was successfully labeled and analyzed with a limit of detection of 300 nM (5 ppb). Analyses of carboxylic acids sampled from a lava tube cave and a hydrothermal area demonstrated the versatility and robustness of our method. This work establishes that the MOA can be used for sensitive analyses of a wide range of carboxylic acids in the search for extraterrestrial organic molecules.

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Section: Comparison With Instruments For Organic Chemical Explorationmentioning

confidence: 97%

Analysis of Carbonaceous Biomarkers with the Mars Organic Analyzer Microchip Capillary Electrophoresis System: Carboxylic Acids

Stockton

Tjin²,

Chiesl³

et al. 2011

Astrobiology

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show abstract

“…As described in Fig. 2, N-methyl-N-(tert-butyldimethylsilyl)-trifluoroacetamide (MTBSTFA) with dimethylformamide (DMF) as a solvent has been used as a derivatization solution (Buch et al, 2006(Buch et al, , 2009. A total of 30 lL of MTBSTFA and 10 lL of DMF were added to each sample (and to each reference solution), which had been dried before, under a nitrogen flow at 40°C.…”

Section: Characterization Of Hydrolysis Products: Derivatization and mentioning

confidence: 99%

Low-Temperature Alkaline pH Hydrolysis of Oxygen-Free Titan Tholins: Carbonates' Impact

et al. 2017

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Titan, the largest moon of Saturn, is one of the key planetary objects in the field of exobiology. Its dense, nitrogen-rich atmosphere is the site of important organic chemistry. This paper focuses on the organic aerosols produced in Titan's atmosphere that play an important role in atmospheric and surface processes and in organic chemistry as it applies to exobiological interests. To produce reliable laboratory analogues of these aerosols, we developed, tested, and optimized a device for the synthesis of clean tholins. The potential chemical evolution of Titan aerosols at Titan's surface has been studied, in particular, the possible interaction between aerosols and putative ammonia-water cryomagma. Modeling of the formation of Saturn's atmosphere has permitted the characterization of a composition of salts in the subsurface ocean and cryolava. From this new and original chemical composition, a laboratory study of several hydrolyses of tholins was carried out. The results obtained show the formation of many organic compounds, among them, species identified only in the presence of salts. In addition, a list of potential precursors of these compounds was established, which could provide a database for research of the chemical composition of tholins and/or aerosols of Titan. Key Words: Titan tholins-Titan aerosols-Hydrolysis-Carbonates-Titan's surface. Astrobiology 17, 8-26.

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“…To allow analysis by GC, analytes have to be extracted from the mineral matrix into the gas phase. MOMA will accomplish this through thermal desorption (Buch et al , 2009 ) instead of solvent extraction, which is generally used in laboratory experiments, but requires excessive resources (Buch et al , 2006 , 2009 ). Once released, the volatile, nonreactive, and thermally stable fraction of the sample can be analyzed with GCMS.…”

Section: Instrument Subsystemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Mars Organic Molecule Analyzer (MOMA) Instrument: Characterization of Organic Material in Martian Sediments

et al. 2017

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The Mars Organic Molecule Analyzer (MOMA) instrument onboard the ESA/Roscosmos ExoMars rover (to launch in July, 2020) will analyze volatile and refractory organic compounds in martian surface and subsurface sediments. In this study, we describe the design, current status of development, and analytical capabilities of the instrument. Data acquired on preliminary MOMA flight-like hardware and experimental setups are also presented, illustrating their contribution to the overall science return of the mission. Key Words: Mars—Mass spectrometry—Life detection—Planetary instrumentation. Astrobiology 17, 655–685.

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Development of a gas chromatography compatible Sample Processing System (SPS) for the in-situ analysis of refractory organic matter in martian soil: preliminary results

Cited by 36 publications

References 30 publications

Analysis of Carbonaceous Biomarkers with the Mars Organic Analyzer Microchip Capillary Electrophoresis System: Carboxylic Acids

Analysis of Carbonaceous Biomarkers with the Mars Organic Analyzer Microchip Capillary Electrophoresis System: Carboxylic Acids

Low-Temperature Alkaline pH Hydrolysis of Oxygen-Free Titan Tholins: Carbonates' Impact

The Mars Organic Molecule Analyzer (MOMA) Instrument: Characterization of Organic Material in Martian Sediments

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