Purpose: To examine the effect of education on nursing personnel's knowledge and attitudes regarding the use of hand massage, breathing techniques, and essential oils with hospice and palliative care patients.Background: Unrelieved, end of life pain is common among hospitalized patients on hospice and palliative care units. Integrative care techniques such as hand massage, breathing techniques, and essential oils can be available to use with these individuals. Nursing personnel are often unaware of other techniques that are not a traditional pharmacology approach to pain.Methods: A quasi-experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of an educational intervention on nursing personnel's knowledge and attitudes regarding the use of three integrative care techniques (hand massage, breathing techniques, and essential oils) with hospice and palliative care patients in an acute care setting.Data on knowledge and attitudes were collected pre-and postintervention.Results: Following the intervention, improvements in nursing personnel's attitudes and knowledge toward the use of the three techniques were found.
Conclusion:Results of this study suggest that education of nursing personnel may positively influence knowledge and attitudes toward providing hand massage, breathing techniques, and essential oil for end of life patients.
K E Y W O R D Shospice and palliative care, integrative care techniques, knowledge and attitudes, nurse educationNursing as a profession is focused on providing optimal care for patients. For example, symptoms such as pain and anxiety are a concern for nursing personnel who work on hospice and palliative care units. Unrelieved pain is one symptom that can diminish dignity as well as overall comfort among hospice and palliative care patients' as they approach the end of life. 1,2 In response to difficulties in relieving patients' pain, The Joint commission 3 modified pain management standards to provide a more patient-centered approach.The Joint Commission 4 endorsed non-pharmacologic strategies in combination with pharmacologic treatments and stated non-opioid options can include "physical interventions, including acupuncture, massage therapy and spinal manipulation." 5 An integrative approach