Development of a hepatitis delta virus antibody assay for study of the prevalence of HDV among individuals infected with hepatitis B virus in China

Shen, Liping; Gu, Ying; Sun, Le; Yingchao, Yang; Wang, Feng; Li, Yimin; Bi, Shengli

doi:10.1002/jmv.23212

Cited by 16 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…The hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) prevalence in the total population in a national survey was estimated to be 9.75% in 1992 and 7.18% in 2006 [25] . Similarly, HDV prevalence in HBV infected individuals was found to be 0.8–12% (mean 6.4%) in different provinces of China in the 1990's [40] . Shen et al suggested a lower prevalence of HDV in HBV infected individuals in China (lower in comparison to <6% prevalence in other parts of the world) [40] .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…Similarly, HDV prevalence in HBV infected individuals was found to be 0.8–12% (mean 6.4%) in different provinces of China in the 1990's [40] . Shen et al suggested a lower prevalence of HDV in HBV infected individuals in China (lower in comparison to <6% prevalence in other parts of the world) [40] . Since HDV prevalence in HBV infected individuals in China in 1992 is unknown, we used this observation and assumed HDV prevalence to be 3.2% at the commencement of HBV vaccination in 1992 (range of 0% to 6.4% HDV prevalence [40] ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…It should also be noted that HBV prevalence has previously been modeled in China but did not include HDV and only simulated acute HBV prevalence [21] , [22] . Since the total HBV prevalence was much higher than accounting for acute HBV alone, a better prediction is required [25] , [32] – [34] , [40] . From the available literature, we were able to derive few data points.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Impact of Vaccination and Antiviral Therapy on Hepatitis B and Hepatitis D Epidemiology

Goyal

Murray

2014

PLoS ONE

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The major cause of liver cancer around the globe is hepatitis B virus (HBV), which also contributes to a large number of deaths due to liver failure alone. Hepatitis delta virus (HDV) is as potentially alarming as HBV since life threatening cases are 10 times more likely with HBV-HDV dual infection compared to HBV monoinfection. So far, there is no established effective treatment against HDV and the only preventive action suggested by the World Health Organization is to introduce HBV vaccination for children immediately after birth (newborns) and thus reduce the available pool for HDV infection. Here the main objective is to understand the complex dynamics of HBV-HDV infection in a human population that can inform public health policy makers on the level of different preventive measures required to eliminate HBV and HDV infections. Model simulations suggest that HBV vertical transmission and HBV vaccination rates for newborns are instrumental in determining HBV and HDV prevalence. A decrease in HBV prevalence is observed as vaccination coverage increases and it is possible to eradicate both HBV and HDV using high vaccination coverage of ≥80% in the long term. We further found that HDV presence results in lower HBV prevalence. An application of our model to China revealed that vaccinating every newborn in China will further prevent 1.69 million new infections by 2028 as compared to the current 90% vaccination coverage. Although, higher vaccination coverage of newborns should eliminate both HBV and HDV over a long time period, any short term strategy to eradicate HDV must include additional preventive measures such as HBV adult vaccination. Implementation of HBV adult vaccination programs at a rate of 10% per year over 15 years will further prevent 39 thousand new HDV infections in China by 2028 as compared to HBV vaccination programs solely for newborns.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 96%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 96%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Impact of Vaccination and Antiviral Therapy on Hepatitis B and Hepatitis D Epidemiology

Goyal

Murray

2014

PLoS ONE

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“…First, control subjects in the study were only tested for HBsAg, but not for other serum markers of HBV. Second, case subjects were not tested for coinfection with hepatitis D virus (HDV), athough the prevalence of HDV and HBV coinfection is relatively low in China . In addition, no history of HDV infection was self‐reported.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic variants in five novel loci including CFB and CD40 predispose to chronic hepatitis B

Jiang

Peng

et al. 2015

Hepatology

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Hepatitis B virus affects more than 2 billion people worldwide, 350 million of which have developed chronic hepatitis B (CHB). The genetic factors that confer CHB risk are still largely unknown. We sought to identify genetic variants for CHB susceptibility in the Chinese population. We undertook a genome-wide association study (GWAS) in 2,514 CHB cases and 1,130 normal controls from eastern China. We replicated 33 of the most promising signals and eight previously reported CHB risk loci through a two-stage validation totaling 6,600 CHB cases and 8,127 controls in four independent populations, of which two populations were recruited from eastern China, one from northern China and one from southern China. The joint analyses of 9,114 CHB cases and 9,257 controls revealed significant association of CHB risk with five novel loci. Four loci are located in the human leukocyte antigen (HLA) region at 6p21.

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“…The assays described in those studies have been discontinued or are no longer available in the United States. More recently developed HDV immunoassays have been mainly limited to research purposes or clinical use in local institutions (8)(9)(10). In this study, we evaluated two commercially available enzyme immunoassays (EIAs) for detecting anti-HDV antibodies and compared the data with those obtained in two reference laboratories.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of Enzyme Immunoassays for Detection of Antibodies to Hepatitis D Virus in Serum

Chow

Atienza

Cook

et al. 2016

Clin Vaccine Immunol

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Hepatitis D virus (HDV) is a small, defective RNA virus that requires hepatitis B virus (HBV) surface antigen (HBsAg) for replication and propagation. Among the estimated 240 million people worldwide with chronic HBV infection, 15 to 20 million are estimated to be coinfected with HDV (1). Individuals coinfected with both viruses have more severe liver disease, faster progression, and poorer prognosis than those with HBV infection alone (2, 3). While serology remains critical for diagnosing HDV infection, most studies in this area were performed in the late 1980s and early 1990s (4-7). The assays described in those studies have been discontinued or are no longer available in the United States. More recently developed HDV immunoassays have been mainly limited to research purposes or clinical use in local institutions (8-10). In this study, we evaluated two commercially available enzyme immunoassays (EIAs) for detecting anti-HDV antibodies and compared the data with those obtained in two reference laboratories.A total of 87 serum specimens initially submitted to ARUP Laboratories (ARUP) or Focus Diagnostics Reference Laboratory (Focus) between March 2014 and June 2014 for evaluation of HDV antibodies were randomly selected and analyzed with both reference enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs). All 87 deidentified specimens were kept at Ϫ80°C before being sent to University of Washington and tested for HDV antibodies using commercially available kits from DiaSorin (Saluggia, Piedmont, Italy) and Cusabio (Wuhan, Hubei, China). Each of the kits used different HDV antigen preparations, as well as a variety of conjugate detection methods. The DiaSorin kit measures total Ig to HDV as a qualitative competitive ELISA, while the Cusabio ELISA kit qualitatively measures IgG. According to the manufacturer, the cutoff value for the DiaSorin kit is defined as (0.5 ϫ mean negative control) ϩ (0.5 ϫ mean positive control), whereas the cutoff for the Cusabio kit is set as 0.2 ϩ mean negative control. Microtiter plates were read on the Epoch Microplate Spectrophotometer (BioTek, Winooski, VT) using the Gen5 data analysis software.HDV total antibodies were measured at Focus using a proprietary laboratory-developed assay. Briefly, serum samples diluted 1:101 in phosphate-buffered saline with 0.1% Tween 20 (PBST) containing 0.1% bovine serum albumin were added to microtiter wells coated with a proprietary recombinant HDV protein (GenScript, Piscataway, NJ). After incubation at room temperature (RT) for 1 h and 3 washes with PBST, wells received horseradish peroxidase (HRP)-conjugated F(ab=)2 fragment goat anti-human IgGϩIgMϩIgA (Jackson ImmunoResearch, West Grove, PA). After incubation at RT for 30 min, wells were washed and then received tetramethylbenzidine (Moss Inc., Pasadena, MD). The optical density at 450 nm (OD 450 ) was measured using an ELISA

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Development of a hepatitis delta virus antibody assay for study of the prevalence of HDV among individuals infected with hepatitis B virus in China

Cited by 16 publications

References 19 publications

The Impact of Vaccination and Antiviral Therapy on Hepatitis B and Hepatitis D Epidemiology

The Impact of Vaccination and Antiviral Therapy on Hepatitis B and Hepatitis D Epidemiology

Genetic variants in five novel loci including CFB and CD40 predispose to chronic hepatitis B

Comparison of Enzyme Immunoassays for Detection of Antibodies to Hepatitis D Virus in Serum

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