Development of a laser-excited atomic fluorescence spectrometer and a method for the direct determination of lead in Great Lakes waters

Cheam, V.; Lechner, J.; Sekerka, Ivan; Desrosiers, R.; Nriagu, Jerome O.; Lawson, Greg

doi:10.1016/0003-2670(92)85142-s

Cited by 39 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 9 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The details of the copper vapor laser-based spectrometer have been described elsewhere [13,14]. The 511 nm line was used to optically pump a Rhodamine 575 dye laser.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thallium and cadmium in recent snow and firn layers in the Canadian Arctic by atomic fluorescence and absorption spectrometries

Cheam¹,

Lawson²,

Lechner³

et al. 1996

Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Compared to the Antarctic and Greenland, the Canadian Arctic has seen extremely few trace metal studies on snow and ice. Surface, subsurface and depth samples of snow and firns were collected from the Agassiz Ice Cap, Ellesmere Island, Canada using clean room practices. Results for Tl (directly determined by LEAFS) and Cd (determined by GFAAS) are reported. To our knowledge, the thallium depth profile presented here is the first one so far reported for both polar systems, Greenland or other places. Tl concentrations peak in the winter-spring periods, when the Arctic atmosphere is loaded with foreign pollutants and suspended particulates which sometime severely reduce the visibility, creating a phenomenon commonly known as the Arctic haze. These results are in general accordance with the historical Arctic air pollution and acidity/conductivity data on ice cores. Surface concentrations of Tl range from 0.3 to 0.9 pg/g, which is a few times higher than those found in Antarctica. Cadmium shows seasonal characteristics similar to Tl although there is not a definite correlation between the two. However, there could be two predominant origins of metals which were deposited in the snow: Eurasian origin in January-April corresponding to high level metals (main deposition), and a less definite origin in May-December corresponding to low level metals.

show abstract

“…The details of the copper vapor laser-based spectrometer have been described elsewhere [13,14]. The 511 nm line was used to optically pump a Rhodamine 575 dye laser.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thallium and cadmium in recent snow and firn layers in the Canadian Arctic by atomic fluorescence and absorption spectrometries

Cheam¹,

Lawson²,

Lechner³

et al. 1996

Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The dye laser output (566 nm for Pb, 554 nm for Tl) was then frequencydoubled by a second harmonic generator to give the 283 nm UV light for Pb and the 277 nm for Tl. The fluorescence light (406 nm for Pb and 353 nm for Tl) emitted by the excited atoms was collected [11][12].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

LEAFS determination and concentration of metals in Great Lakes ecosystem

Cheam

Lechner

Desrosiers³

et al. 1996

Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

A Laser-Excited Atomic Fluorescence Spectrometric (LEAFS) method for Tl determination has been extended to investigate the direct determination (without preconcentration nor acid digestion) of total Pb, for which the method validation was successfully achieved by using a standard reference material as well as many spike recoveries of digested and undigested unfiltered water samples. The method was applied to study total and dissolved Pb in many water columns collected from different stations in Lake Ontario. Dissolved Pb was found to be about twice as much as dissolved Tl, and total Pb about seven times higher than total Tl. Seventy five percent of Pb is in particulate form versus 11% for Tl. Also, a simple cold dissolution procedure using HNO(3) and HF (not a hot acid digestion) is proposed to "liquefy" sediments in a form suitable for LEAFS analysis and was used to analyze a sediment core, where pore water samples were also collected. The interaction dynamics of Tl within the natural environment of a water/pore water/sediment system from Lake Erie was assessed. The calculations of fluxes suggest a strong similarity between Tl and Cd geochemical transport. The paper also presents for the first time a genuine sediment pore water profile of Tl concentration, which ranged from sub- to 40 ng/l and which was directly determined by LEAFS.

show abstract

“…Several methods have been described for the determination of heavy metals in marine environments. These include graphite furnace-AAS (Burguera et al, 1995), flame-AAS (Dapaah et al, 1999;Gomez-Ariza et al, 1999), atomic fluorescence spectrometry (Cheam et al, 1992), anodic stripping voltammetry (Fischer and Van den Berg, 1999;Morales et al, 1999), ICP-AES (Hiraide et al, Available on website http://www.wrc.org.za 1980) and ICP-MS (Ridout et al, 1988;Sakao et al, 1999).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An assessment of heavy metal pollution in the East London and Port Elizabeth harbours

Fatoki¹,

Mathabatha²

2004

WSA

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The distribution of heavy metals (zinc, cadmium, copper, iron, manganese and lead) was investigated in seawater and in sediment samples from the East London and Port Elizabeth harbours. Both are ports of major importance to the area. The aim was to assess the impact of potential pollution sources, mainly from the cities' formal disposal to the sea, from industry and from dockyard and shipping activities around the harbour. At the East London harbour, metal concentrations in sea water range from 0.2 to 72.0 mg·l -1 for Cd, from 0.6 to 42.6 mg·l -1 for Cu, from 2.4 to 183.0 mg·l -1 for Fe, from 0.6 to 16.3 mg·l -1 for Pb, from 0.9 to 23.9 mg·l -1 for Mn and from 0.5 to 27.6 mg·l -1 for Zn. In sediments, metal concentrations using the total digestion method range from 0.12 to 1. (dry weight) for Fe, from 9.0 to 61.9 mg·g -1 (dry weight) for Pb, from 103.0 to 499.0 mg·g -1 (dry weight) for Mn and from 18.8 to 126 mg·g -1 (dry weight) for Zn. The results are indicative of the contribution of heavy metal pollution from storm water drains and streams which carry runoff from industrial, urban and residential sources. Ship repair activities are also suspected to be responsible for elevated concentrations in the upper reaches of the harbour.

show abstract

Development of a laser-excited atomic fluorescence spectrometer and a method for the direct determination of lead in Great Lakes waters

Cited by 39 publications

References 9 publications

Thallium and cadmium in recent snow and firn layers in the Canadian Arctic by atomic fluorescence and absorption spectrometries

Thallium and cadmium in recent snow and firn layers in the Canadian Arctic by atomic fluorescence and absorption spectrometries

LEAFS determination and concentration of metals in Great Lakes ecosystem

An assessment of heavy metal pollution in the East London and Port Elizabeth harbours

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About