Development of a Lateral Flow Kit for Detection of IgG and IgM Antibodies Against Rift Valley Fever Virus in Sheep

Abstract

Rift Valley fever (RVF) is a viral zoonosis that primarily affects animals but also has the capacity to infect humans. The disease also results in significant economic losses due to death and abortion among RVF-infected livestock. A lateral flow device (LFD) was developed for the rapid detection of IgG and IgM anti-RVF antibodies in infected and vaccinated ovine sera. The conjugated RVF antigen with nano-gold was used as a detector antigen and was laid on a conjugated pad. The staphylococcal protein A was used as the capture complex (antibodies IgG-antigen conjugated with nanogold) at the first test line of device and anti-IgM antibodies were used as the capture complex (antibodies IgM-antigen conjugated with nanogold) at the second test line of device. When compared with RVF specific ELISA, The sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of developed LFD for detection of IgG were found to be 88.2, 96.9 and 94.0%, respectively, while the same for detection of IgM was found to be 100, 96, and 96%, respectively.

Enhanced Detection of Major Pathogens and Toxins in Poultry and Livestock With Zoonotic Risks Using Nanomaterials-Based Diagnostics

“…As targets, the presence of certain antibodies in animal sera, blood, and urine can also be strong indicators of pathogen exposure and infection (17). Nanomaterials are functionalized with antigens to target these antibodies at various stages of infections (18)(19)(20). The following emerging and re-emerging veterinary infectious diseases are often diagnosed by utilizing nanomaterials in either antigendetecting or antibody-detecting diagnostic assays.…”

Diagnosis of Pasteurella Multocida and Mannheimia Haemolytica Infections in Cattle Using Lateral Flow Immunochromatographic Assay

“…The Lateral flow immunochromatographic strip tests are rapid tests as it decreases the time spent for results to be just minutes instead of hours which is lost when apply conventional methods. It needs less technical training, no special tools, and has decreased device cost in addition to its rapidity and simplicity (Sayed et al 2019;Abousenna et al 2020). Moreover, its suitability to qualitative, semi quantitative investigation and mass screenings also the findings are recorded for about 5 to10min by the naked eye (Kong et al 2017;Xinghua et al 2022;Sayed et al 2022).…”

Development of a Versatile Half-Strip Lateral Flow Assay toward the Detection of Rift Valley Fever Virus Antibodies

“…Previous studies on immunochromatographic methods have demonstrated the feasibility of developing a lateral flow assay (LFA) for RVFV diagnosis [ 22 , 23 ]. In a study by Cêtre-Sossah et al, a first-line LFA for the detection of the RVFV N protein was developed and validated [ 23 ].…”

“…In a different study by Sayed and colleagues, a one-step LFA that was able to detect RVFV IgM and IgG antibodies in sheep sera using an anti-IgM antibody and staphylococcus protein A (ProA) as capture reagents, respectively, was developed [ 22 ]. This study exploited the high affinity of ProA for IgG molecules and used ProA to capture these molecules, as opposed to an anti-IgG antibody, while an AuNP-conjugated RVFV antigen was used to detect captured RVFV antibodies.…”