Development of a Liquid-Fueled, Lean-Premixed Gas Turbine Combustor

Abstract

Development of a lean-premixed, liquid-fueled combustor is in progress to achieve ultra-low NOx emissions at typical gas turbine operating conditions. A filming fuel injector design was tested on a bench scale can combustor to evaluate critical design and operating parameters for low-emissions performance. Testing was completed using No. 2 diesel. Key design variables tested include premixing length, swirler angle, injector centerbody diameter, and reduced liner cooling. NOx emissions below 12 ppmv at 9 bar pressure were measured. Corresponding CO levels were 50 ppmv. An optimized injector design was fabricated for testing in a three injector sector of an annular combustor. Operating parameters and test results are discussed in the paper.

Hydrogen injection as additional fuel in gas turbine combustor. Evaluation of effects

“…While secondary measures like the installation of special catalysts (SCR) for NO x -removal or the reduction of flame temperatures by the injection of water or steam have led to reduced plant efficiency and additional installation and operation costs, the introduction of premix combustors in the mid 80s demonstrated the potential to dramatically reduce emissions without influencing the efficiency [9,10]. The idea behind is the prevention of temperature peaks of more than 1500 • C in the flame.…”

A Hydrogen-Fueled Micro Gas Turbine Unit for Carbon-Free Heat and Power Generation

“…The NOx production begins when the temperature reaches above 1000 • C and the rate of production increases rapidly with further increase in the temperature [25]. One of the common ways of preventing NOx emissions in gas turbines is to use lean premixed burners or dry low NOx burners, where the fuel is premixed with the air prior to the combustion, to keep the flame temperature below a certain value [26]. The main concerns with lean premixed burners are providing stable conditions for combustion, avoiding flashbacks, and thermo-acoustic instabilities [27,28].…”

IR imaging for stability analysis of industrial burner

“…Nevertheless, these new emergent technologies are affected by many problems that must be solved in order to make them better reliable. Numerous experimental studies and numerical models were developed to understand the behavior of gas turbines; in particular there are current researches to understand fuel/air interaction in the premixing duct, upstream of the combustion chamber [1][2][3][4]. Indeed, the characterization of the fuel mixing with air is very important for the optimization and the choice of the injection technology, which is important since it influences the homogeneity of the fuel/air mixture.…”