Development of a Low NOx Lean Premixed Annular Combustor

Roberts, Peter; Kubasco, A. J.; Sekas, N. J.

doi:10.1115/1.3227260

Cited by 12 publications

(9 citation statements)

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“…They are also common in reverse flow industrial gas turbines and the present swirlers are similar in design to those used in the Ruston Tornado combustor, but with increase flow capacity. Radial swirlers have also been featured in some previous low emission gas turbine investigations (14)(15)(16) using the radial vane passage as fuel injection and partial premixing channels. The present systems were designed to have this vane fuel injection capability, but the present work was all for the more conventional central fuel injection.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lean Low NOx Primary Zones Using Radial Swirlers

Alkabie

Andrews

Ahmad

1988

Volume 3: Coal, Biomass and Alternative Fuels; Combustion and Fuels; Oil and Gas Applications; Cycle Innovations

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Swirling flow primary zones with between 30% and 60% simulated primary zone air flow were investigated using curved blade radial swirlers. Two radial swirlers were compared with the same open area but different outlet diameters, d, giving different expansion ratios, D/d, from the swirler to the combustor diameter, D. Two combustors were used, 76 mm and 140 mm diameter, the larger one corresponding to the size of several gas turbine can combustors. There was no influence of D/d on the weak extinction. It was demonstrated that an adequate efficiency was not achieved in the weak region until there was a significant outer expansion and associated recirculation zone. It was shown that these systems with central gaseous fuel injection had good flame stability with very low NOx emissions. Propane and natural gas were compared and the NOx emissions were 50% lower with natural gas. The optimum NOx emissions, compatible with a high combustion efficiency, were close to 10 ppm NOx emissions corrected to 15% oxygen.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lean Low NOx Primary Zones Using Radial Swirlers

Alkabie

Andrews

Ahmad

1988

Volume 3: Coal, Biomass and Alternative Fuels; Combustion and Fuels; Oil and Gas Applications; Cycle Innovations

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“…However, generally only a small portion of the total combustor air flow passes through the swirler, usually approximately 10%, with the major proportion of the primary zone air entering through radial jets (6). Many recent experimental combustor designs for low emissions and future fuels have advocated the use of swirl flame stabilisation with the majority of the combustor air flow passing through the swirler (8)(9)(10)(11)(12). The present work attempts to assess whether these swirl dominated systems have definite advantages over the aerodynamically simpler grid plate stabilised systems which have been investigated by one of the authors (13,14).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gas and Liquid Fuel Injection Into an Enclosed Swirling Flow

Ahmad

Andrews

1984

Volume 3: Coal, Biomass and Alternative Fuels; Combustion and Fuels; Oil and Gas Applications; Cycle Innovations

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A swirler with good premixed performance has been tested with direct central propane injection and with direct central kerosene and gas oil injection using the swirler air for atomisation. The results have been compared with non swirling flow systems at the same test conditions. Direct propane injection results in a major extension of the stability limits compared with the premixed situation, but with liquid fuel injection the stability limits are generally worse than for premixed fuel and air. It is argued that the cause of this is the action of the centrifugal forces on the liquid droplets in the swirl flow which results in vaporisation in the outer swirl flow and weaker mixtures in the core recirculation region than for propane injection. The gas composition results support this conclusion. Direct propane injection caused a deterioration in the combustion efficiency and a large increase in NO x . The poor stability limits with liquid fuels prevented a high combustion efficiency and low NO x situation from being achieved. A comparison of the performance with non swirling systems showed that all emissions were higher with swirl for propane but that the swirler may have some advantages for liquid fuels.The SW3 swirl number was sufficiently low to ensure a good combustion efficiency, whilst being high enough to ensure a central recirculation zone (5,6). The full swirler design details are given in Table 1 and the test geometry is shown in Fig. 1. The premixed

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“…The effectiveness of lean premixed combustion in reducing NOx emissions is well documented [3][4][5]. Typical lean premixed burner emissions are shown in Figure 1.…”

Section: Lean Premixed Combustion Conceptmentioning

confidence: 90%

Design and Testing of an Ultra-Low NOx Gas Turbine Combustor

Smith¹,

Angello

Kurzynske

1986

Volume 3: Coal, Biomass and Alternative Fuels; Combustion and Fuels; Oil and Gas Applications; Cycle Innovations

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The design and initial rig testing of an ultra-low NOx gas turbine combustor primary zone are described. A lean premixed, swirl-stabilized combustor was evaluated over a range of pressures up to 10.7 × 105 Pa (10.6 atm) using natural gas. The program goal of reducing NOx emissions to 10 ppm (at 15% O2) with coincident low CO emissions was achieved at all combustor pressure levels. Appropriate combustor loading for ultra-low NOx operation was determined through emissions sampling within the primary zone. The work described represents a first step in developing an advanced gas turbine combustion system that can yield ultra-low NOx levels without the need for water injection and selective catalytic reduction.

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Development of a Low NOx Lean Premixed Annular Combustor

Cited by 12 publications

References 0 publications

Lean Low NOx Primary Zones Using Radial Swirlers

Lean Low NOx Primary Zones Using Radial Swirlers

Gas and Liquid Fuel Injection Into an Enclosed Swirling Flow

Design and Testing of an Ultra-Low NOx Gas Turbine Combustor

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