Development of a methodology for the determination of carbon monoxide using a quartz crystal microbalance

Gomes, M. Teresa S.R.; Sérgio, P.; Nogueira, Thiago Assis Rodrigues; Duarte, Armando C.; Oliveira, João A.B.P.

doi:10.1039/a904494i

Cited by 6 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…Quartz crystal microbalances (QCMs) are the most commonly used BAW sensors [ 149 ]. A CO sensing layer is coated on piezoelectric materials to generate tiny mass change through CO oxidation [ 150 , 151 ] or CO absorption [ 152 ], which alters the vibrational frequency of the piezoelectric materials in succession. The change of vibrational frequency (Hz),

, can be calculated as when the constants are determined for quartz [ 153 ]:

where

is the mass of the coating materials (g),

is the oscillation frequency of the quartz (MHz), and

is the coating area (cm 2 ).…”

Section: Dissolved Co Measurement Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Sensors using noble metals coatings exploit the heat generated from CO oxidation to increase the resonance frequency of the piezoelectric materials [ 154 ]. QCM sensors fabricated with HgO or Ag 2 O coatings utilize their reactions with CO at an elevated temperature to deposit a layer of mercury or silver metal on the surface of the microbalances [ 150 , 151 ]. The metal–organic complex coatings can directly absorb CO from ambient air and change the mass of the microbalances [ 152 , 155 , 156 ].…”

Section: Dissolved Co Measurement Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…When the piezoelectric material has an oscillation frequency at the MHz level, QCM sensors are highly sensitive in CO measurements with high mass sensitivity [151]. The reported CO sensing coatings in QCM sensors include noble metals (platinum, palladium, and platinum-iridium alloy) [154], volatile metal oxides (HgO and Ag 2 O) [150,151], and various metal-organic complexes, such as the zinc crptand22 ligand complex [152], palladium acetamide complex [155], and nickel phthalocyanine complex [156]. Sensors using noble metals coatings exploit the heat generated from CO oxidation to increase the resonance frequency of the piezoelectric materials [154].…”

Section: Acoustic Wave Sensorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Review of Dissolved CO and H2 Measurement Methods for Syngas Fermentation

Dang

Wang

Atiyeh

2021

Sensors

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Syngas fermentation is a promising technique to produce biofuels using syngas obtained through gasified biomass and other carbonaceous materials or collected from industrial CO-rich off-gases. The primary components of syngas, carbon monoxide (CO) and hydrogen (H2), are converted to alcohols and other chemicals through an anaerobic fermentation process by acetogenic bacteria. Dissolved CO and H2 concentrations in fermentation media are among the most important parameters for successful and stable operation. However, the difficulties in timely and precise dissolved CO and H2 measurements hinder the industrial-scale commercialization of this technique. The purpose of this article is to provide a comprehensive review of available dissolved CO and H2 measurement methods, focusing on their detection mechanisms, CO and H2 cross interference and operations in syngas fermentation process. This paper further discusses potential novel methods by providing a critical review of gas phase CO and H2 detection methods with regard to their capability to be modified for measuring dissolved CO and H2 in syngas fermentation conditions.

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, can be calculated as when the constants are determined for quartz [ 153 ]:

where

is the mass of the coating materials (g),

is the oscillation frequency of the quartz (MHz), and

is the coating area (cm 2 ).…”

Section: Dissolved Co Measurement Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Dissolved Co Measurement Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Acoustic Wave Sensorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Review of Dissolved CO and H2 Measurement Methods for Syngas Fermentation

Dang

Wang

Atiyeh

2021

Sensors

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“…Typical response analytical curves, (∆F, Hz) encountered at room temperature is not high enough to allow general determinations, this method can be applied in some special situations [24][25][26]. Table 1 shows the results of the precision studies for 10 different crystals, where standard deviations of about 3.3 and 5.4 Hz were obtained for sampling times of 30 and 60 seconds, respectively.…”

Section: Calibration Curves Precision Stability and Interferentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Recently, the relevant parameters to be evaluated (stability, sensitivity, reversibility, response time, reproducibility, and selectivity), and the main variables affecting the results and influencing the choice of coating were discussed 25 Ecl. Quím., São Paulo, 31(4): [23][24][25][26][27][28][29]2006 and illustrated with experiments performed during the evaluation of coatings for carbon dioxide detectors [20].…”

Section: Development and Amount Of Coating Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determination of carbon monoxide using a coated quartz crystal sensor

Guimarães

Zaniquelli²,

Castro³

et al. 2006

Eclet. Quím.

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IntroductionThe principle of detection by piezoelectric crystal is based on the fact that the vibration frequency of an oscillating sensor decreases in the presence of an amount of material added to its surface. As shown by Sauerbrey [1], the vibrating frequency of a quartz crystal, to a first approximation, changes proportionally to the mass deposited onto or removed from one or both their faces. Because the TSMR (thickness shear mode resonator) fundamental frequency is rather low (10 MHz), it is assumed that viscosity effects contribute to the frequency changes due to gas sorption to a negligible extent only [2]. Gaseous pollutants can be selectively sorbed by the detector if an ideal coating is deposited on the metallic electrodes. The observed frequency change is a measure of the amount of sorbed gas. The type of interaction taking place between the analyte molecules and the active coating determines the sorption and desorption characteristics. Lowenergy, perfectly reversible interactions such as physisorption generally lack a high degree of selectivity. On the other hand, the formation of chemical bonds or the chemisorption process tend to be less reversible. One approach to overcoming these problems includes the application of sensor arrays to compensate the low selectivity [3,4]. Another solution to this problem includes searching for "intermediate interactions", i.e., interactions that are weaker than chemisorption (≈300 kJ mol -1 ) but stronger than physisorption (0-40 kJ mol -1 ), such as coordination [5]. A central metal atom surrounded by neutral or charged (often organic) ligands is responsible for these interactions, where one or more donor atoms on these ligands interact with the metal ion. So, selectivity can be influenced by the choice of both the metal ion and the ligand, from both an eletronic and steric point of view [5]. When gaseous molecules interact with metal complexes in this way, they themselves become coligands either by occupying free coordination sites or by displacing other ligands. Earlier work in the field of coordination chemistry on mass-sensitive Abstract: Carbon monoxide was detected and determined by a piezoelectric quartz crystal sensor coated with nickel(II)-phthalocyanine 50 % (v/v) solution in glycerine. Studies on the effect of temperature, flow rate, and some possible interferents were carried out. Calibration curves, sensor stability (lifetime) and the precision of measurements were also verified. The resulting selectivity is probably due to the coordinative binding between the electronically unsatured metal complexes and the analyte. The analytical curve is linear in the concentration range 0.10 to 1.0 % (v/v).

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Bulk Acoustic Wave Sensors in Chemical Analysis

Gomes

NATO Science Series

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Development of a methodology for the determination of carbon monoxide using a quartz crystal microbalance

Cited by 6 publications

References 7 publications

Review of Dissolved CO and H2 Measurement Methods for Syngas Fermentation

Review of Dissolved CO and H2 Measurement Methods for Syngas Fermentation

Determination of carbon monoxide using a coated quartz crystal sensor

Bulk Acoustic Wave Sensors in Chemical Analysis

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