Development of a methodology to characterize radon entry in dwellings

Collignan, Bernard; Lorkowski, Christophe; Améon, Roselyne

doi:10.1016/j.buildenv.2012.05.002

Cited by 36 publications

(13 citation statements)

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“…Several studies have measured indoor / outdoor ratios for different building types and meteorological conditions in cities around the world for ozone (Collignan et al, 2012;Weschler, 2000) and airborne particles (Cyrys et al, 2004;Matson, 2005;Monn, 2001). Results show a strong dependence on the building usage (residence or office/school), the air tightness of the building, the ventilation system, and the proximity to atmospheric pollution sources.…”

Section: Dwellings Offices and Schoolsmentioning

confidence: 99%

EXPLUME v1.0: a model for personal exposure to ambient O3 and PM2.5

et al. 2020

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Abstract. This paper presents the first version of the regional-scale personal exposure model EXPLUME (EXposure to atmospheric PolLUtion ModEling). The model uses simulated gridded data of outdoor O3 and PM2.5 concentrations and several population and building-related datasets to simulate (1) space–time activity event sequences, (2) the infiltration of atmospheric contaminants indoors, and (3) daily aggregated personal exposure. The model is applied over the greater Paris region at 2 km×2 km resolution for the entire year of 2017. Annual averaged population exposure is discussed. We show that population mobility within the region, disregarding pollutant concentrations indoors, has only a small effect on average daily exposure. By contrast, considering the infiltration of PM2.5 in buildings decreases annual average exposure by 11 % (population average). Moreover, accounting for PM2.5 exposure during transportation (in vehicle, while waiting on subway platforms, and while crossing on-road tunnels) increases average population exposure by 5 %. We show that the spatial distribution of PM2.5 and O3 exposure is similar to the concentration maps over the region, but the exposure scale is very different when accounting for indoor exposure. We model large intra-population variability in PM2.5 exposure as a function of the transportation mode, especially for the upper percentiles of the distribution. Overall, 20 % of the population using bicycles or motorcycles is exposed to annual average PM2.5 concentrations above the EU target value (25 µg m−3), compared to 0 % for people travelling by car. Finally, we develop a 2050 horizon projection of the building stock to study how changes in the buildings' characteristics to comply with the thermal regulations will affect personal exposure. We show that exposure to ozone will decrease by as much as 14 % as a result of this projection, whereas there is no significant impact on exposure to PM2.5.

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Section: Dwellings Offices and Schoolsmentioning

confidence: 99%

EXPLUME v1.0: a model for personal exposure to ambient O3 and PM2.5

et al. 2020

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“…In order to maintain a high quality level of radon measurements periodical calibration is deemed necessary [56]. Collignan et al [57] reported the use of an AlphaGUARD monitor was first calibrated by the Institut de Radioprotection et de Sûreté Nucléaire IRSN. For the determination of radon gas concentration other authors Abdallah et al [58] used a monitor consisting of an aluminium sphere which incorporates a surface barrier detector isolated in a PVC-mounting.…”

Section: Masonry and Decorative Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Indoor radon: An overview on a perennial problem

Pacheco-Torgal

2012

Building and Environment

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a b s t r a c tAccording to the World Health Organization (WHO) radon constitutes the second cause of lung cancer in the general population, the first being smoking. In addition health investigations also show that children are more susceptible than adults to ionizing radiation. In the past, it was accepted that only radon concentrations above 400 Bq/m 3 could constitute a health risk, however, recent epidemiological findings demonstrate lung cancer risk from exposure to indoor radon at levels in the order of 100 Bq/m 3 . Furthermore, lung cancer aggravates based on the accumulated inhaled dose and, according to WHO, there is no lower radon level below which the risk from exposure disappears. Nevertheless, some surveys show that the majority of the public seems to consider the health risks involved in radon exposure as being negligible. To make things worse, only a few countries require the use of protection measures for buildings located in radon affected areas. This paper reviews literature on radon as a source of indoor air contamination. It covers recent legislation, building protecting measures and their cost-effectiveness. It also covers the case of radon emissions from construction and decorative materials.

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“…Activity event sequences for each member of the sample are developed by matching the distributions in the simulated population with distributions in the Enquête Globale de Transport (EGT, 2010) study. Infiltration of outdoor air-pollution indoors in dwellings, offices, and schools, is modeled with the SIREN model (Collignan et al, 2012), developed at the Centre Scientifique et Technique du Bâtiment (CSTB). For other indoor locations (cars, buses, subway and regional trains and tram) we apply indoor/outdoor ratios found in the literature from previous measurement campaigns conducted in the region.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Several studies have measured indoor/outdoor ratios for different building types and meteorological conditions, in cities around the world for ozone (Collignan et al, 2012;Weschler, 2000) and airborne particles (Cyrys et al, 2004;Matson, 2005;Monn, 2001). Results show a strong dependence on the building usage (residence or office/school), the air-tightness of the building, the ventilation system ,and the proximity to atmospheric pollution sources.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To account for the variability in I/O ratios due to these factors, we modelled ozone and fine airborne particles (PM 2.5 ) I/O ratios with the building ventilation model developed at the Centre Scientifique et Technique du bâtiment (CSTB), called SIREN (Collignan et al, 2012). The differential equation 4 is reformulated based on three assumptions: i) no indoor sources for O 3 and PM 2.5 ; ii) no chemical reactions with other atmospheric contaminants indoors; and iii) initial concentration indoors is null.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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EXPLUME v1.0: a model for personal exposures to ambient O3 and PM2.5

Valari¹,

Markakis²,

Powaga³

et al. 2019

Preprint

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Abstract. This paper presents the first version of the regional scale personal exposure model EXPLUME. The model uses simulated gridded data of outdoor O3 and PM2.5 concentrations and several population and building-related datasets to simulate 1) space-time activity event sequences, 2) the infiltration of atmospheric contaminants indoors and 3) daily aggregated personal exposures. The model is applied over the greater Paris region at 2 km x 2 km resolution for the entire 2017 year. Annual averaged population exposures are discussed. We show that population mobility within the region, disregarding pollutant concentrations indoors, has only a small effect on average daily exposures. By contrast, considering the infiltration of PM2.5 in buildings decreases annual average exposure by 11 % (population average). Moreover, accounting for PM2.5 exposure during transportation (in-vehicle, while waiting on subway platforms, and while crossing on-road tunnels) increases average population exposure by 5 %. We show that the spatial distribution of PM2.5 and O3 exposures is similar to the concentration maps over the region, but the exposure scale is very different when accounting for indoor exposure. We model large intra-population variability in PM2.5 exposure as a function of the transportation mode, especially for the upper percentiles of the distribution. 20 % of the population using bicycles or motorcycles is exposed to annual average PM2.5 concentrations above the EU target value (25 µg/m3), compared to 0 % for people travelling by car. Finally, we develop a 2050–horizon projection of the building stock to study how changes in the buildings' characteristics to comply with the thermal regulations will affect personal exposures. We show that exposure to ozone will decrease by as much as 14 % as a result of this projection, whereas there is no significant impact on exposure to PM2.5.

show abstract

Development of a methodology to characterize radon entry in dwellings

Cited by 36 publications

References 12 publications

EXPLUME v1.0: a model for personal exposure to ambient O<sub>3</sub> and PM<sub>2.5</sub>

EXPLUME v1.0: a model for personal exposure to ambient O<sub>3</sub> and PM<sub>2.5</sub>

Indoor radon: An overview on a perennial problem

EXPLUME v1.0: a model for personal exposures to ambient O<sub>3</sub> and PM<sub>2.5</sub>

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Development of a methodology to characterize radon entry in dwellings

Cited by 36 publications

References 12 publications

EXPLUME v1.0: a model for personal exposure to ambient O&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt; and PM&lt;sub&gt;2.5&lt;/sub&gt;

EXPLUME v1.0: a model for personal exposure to ambient O&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt; and PM&lt;sub&gt;2.5&lt;/sub&gt;

Indoor radon: An overview on a perennial problem

EXPLUME v1.0: a model for personal exposures to ambient O&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt; and PM&lt;sub&gt;2.5&lt;/sub&gt;

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EXPLUME v1.0: a model for personal exposure to ambient O<sub>3</sub> and PM<sub>2.5</sub>

EXPLUME v1.0: a model for personal exposure to ambient O<sub>3</sub> and PM<sub>2.5</sub>

EXPLUME v1.0: a model for personal exposures to ambient O<sub>3</sub> and PM<sub>2.5</sub>