Development of a Microsatellite-Based Method for the Differentiation of European Wild Boar (Sus scrofa scrofa) from Domestic Pig Breeds (Sus scrofa domestica) in Food

Conyers, C.; Allnutt, Theo R.; Hird, Heather; Kaye, Joy; Chisholm, James

doi:10.1021/jf205109b

Cited by 20 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…Domestic pigs and wild boars share genetic polymorphisms at known loci 11,34 , therefore no single diagnostic markers are available that individually are able to distinguish the two subspecies and their hybrids with certainty (cf. 41 ). Hence the need for combined approaches of multiple genetic markers which, on the one hand increase diagnostic power, and on the other are technically and financially feasible to laboratories that perform diagnosis and not research.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Matching STR and SNP genotyping to discriminate between wild boar, domestic pigs and their recent hybrids for forensic purposes

Lorenzini

Fanelli

Tancredi

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

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the genetic discrimination between phylogenetically close taxa can be challenging if their gene pools are not differentiated and there are many shared polymorphisms. The gene flow between wild boar (Sus scrofa) and domestic pig (S. s. domesticus) has never been interrupted from domestication onwards, due to non-stop natural and human-mediated crossbreeding. To date there are no individual genetic markers that are able to distinguish between the two forms, nor even to identify effectively their hybrids. We developed a combined molecular protocol based on multiplex porcine-specific STR-profiling system and new real time pcR-based assays of single polymorphisms in the NR6A1 and MC1R genes to gain high diagnostic power in the differentiation of wild boar, pig and hybrids for forensic purposes. The combined approach correctly assigned individuals to one or the other parental gene pool and identified admixed genotypes. Evidence was found for substantial reduction of false negative results by using multiple marker systems jointly, compared to their use individually. Our protocol is a powerful and costeffective diagnostic tool that can easily be adopted by most forensic laboratories to assist authorities contrast food adulteration, assure veterinary public health and fight against wildlife crimes, like poaching and illegal detention of wild animals.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Matching STR and SNP genotyping to discriminate between wild boar, domestic pigs and their recent hybrids for forensic purposes

Lorenzini

Fanelli

Tancredi

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

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“…Another DNA identification system was developed by Lin et al and was tested on domestic pig breeds and Formosan wild boars ( Sus scrofa taivanus ), but its robustness in discrimination of both subspecies was not assessed [33]. Conyers et al worked out a panel of 20 porcine microsatellites for differentiation of European wild boars from domestic pig breeds in food with 100% correct assignment to appropriate groups [34]. On the contrary to the Animaltype Pig test kit investigated by Caratti et al, our log-likelihoods obtained in the genotype assignment test based on allele frequencies estimated in each population sample allowed for correct assignment of all the tested individuals to wild boar or domestic pig populations with the use of as few as 8 most informative markers.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

STR Profiling for Discrimination between Wild and Domestic Swine Specimens and between Main Breeds of Domestic Pigs Reared in Belarus

et al. 2016

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A panel comprising 16 short tandem repeats (STRs) and a gender-specific amelogenin marker was worked out and tested for robustness in discrimination between wild and domestic swine subspecies encountered in Europe, between regional populations of wild boars and between main breeds of domestic pigs reared in Belarus. The STR dataset comprised 310 wild boars, inhabiting all administrative regions of Belarus, and 313 domestic pigs, representing three local and three cosmopolitan lines. Additionally, a total of 835 wild boars were genotyped for the presence of melanocortin 1 receptor (MC1R) alleles specific for domestic pigs. Correctness of assignment of STR profiles to appropriate populations was measured by log-likelihood ratios (log-LRs). All samples were correctly identified as wild boars or domestic pigs with average log-LR of 42.4 (LR = 2.6×1018). On the other hand, as many as 50 out of 835 (6.0%) genotyped wild boars from Belarus possessed MC1R alleles specific to domestic pigs, demonstrating supremacy of our STR profiling system over traditional differentiation between wild boars and domestic pigs, based on single binary markers. Mean log-LRs for allocation of wild boars to their regions of origin and of domestic pigs to appropriate breeds were 2.3 (LR = 9.7) and 13.4 (LR = 6.6×105), respectively. Our results demonstrate the developed STR profiling system to be a highly efficient tool for differentiation between wild and domestic swine subspecies and between diverse breeds of domestic pigs as well as for verification of genetic identity of porcine specimens for the purpose of forensic investigations of wildlife crimes, assurance of veterinary public health, parentage control in animal husbandry, food safety management and traceability of livestock products.

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“…Other fingerprint DNA-based methods, such as single sequence repeats (SSRs) or microsatellites, single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), and PCR with single-strand conformation polymorphisms (SSCPs) have also been used for meat species differentiation. Analysis of SSR markers facilitated the discrimination of pork from wild boar, both of which belong to the same species (Sus scrofa) and therefore are very difficult to differentiate (Conyers et al, 2012). SNP represents a promising molecular method for meat species traceability, as described by Yang et al (2014).…”

Section: Dna-based Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Advances in Authenticity Testing for Meat Speciation

Amaral

Meira

Oliveira

et al. 2016

Advances in Food Authenticity Testing

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Development of a Microsatellite-Based Method for the Differentiation of European Wild Boar (Sus scrofa scrofa) from Domestic Pig Breeds (Sus scrofa domestica) in Food

Cited by 20 publications

References 38 publications

Matching STR and SNP genotyping to discriminate between wild boar, domestic pigs and their recent hybrids for forensic purposes

Matching STR and SNP genotyping to discriminate between wild boar, domestic pigs and their recent hybrids for forensic purposes

STR Profiling for Discrimination between Wild and Domestic Swine Specimens and between Main Breeds of Domestic Pigs Reared in Belarus

Advances in Authenticity Testing for Meat Speciation

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