Development of a mid-Holocene estuarine basin, Rhine–Meuse mouth area, offshore The Netherlands

Hijma, M.P.; Spek, A.J.F. van der; Heteren, Sytze van

doi:10.1016/j.margeo.2010.02.011

Cited by 30 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…yr (Figure b) (Hijma & Cohen, ; Roep & Beets, ; Van der Molen & De Swart, ), and that net littoral sediment drift has been dominantly northwards since 7,500 to 6,500 cal. yr bp (Hijma, Van der Spek, & Van Heteren, ; Van der Molen & Van Dijck, ). Middle Holocene mean significant wave height may have been 0.1 to 0.5 m lower than the present‐day wave height due to a smaller North Sea depth as a result of a lower sea‐level (Figure c) (Van der Molen & De Swart, ).…”

Section: Geographical Setting and Boundary Conditionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Long‐term evolution of the Old Rhine estuary: Unravelling effects of changing boundary conditions and inherited landscape

Haas

Valk

Cohen

et al. 2019

The Depositional Record

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The long‐term morphodynamic evolution of estuaries depends on a combination of antecedent topography and boundary conditions, including fluvial input, sea‐level change and regional‐landscape interactions. Identifying effects of such boundary conditions on estuary evolution is important to anticipate future changes in specific boundary conditions and for hindcasting with numerical and physical models. A comprehensive synthesis of the evolution of the former Old Rhine estuary is presented here, together with its boundary conditions over its full lifespan from 6,500 to 1,000 cal. yr bp. This system formed during a period of sea‐level high stand, during which the estuary served as the main River Rhine outlet. The estuary went through three stages of evolution: a maturation phase in a wide infilling back‐barrier basin, a stable mature phase and an abandoning phase, both in a laterally confined setting. The Old Rhine River formed by a river avulsion around 6,500 cal. yr bp that connected to a tidal channel within a large back‐barrier basin. Decelerating sea‐level rise caused the back‐barrier basin to silt up around 5,700 cal. yr bp, resulting in shoreline progradation by beach‐barrier formation until ∼2,000 cal. yr bp. Beach‐barrier formation along the coast and natural levee formation along the river triggered peat formation in the coastal plain, laterally constraining the estuary and limiting overbank deposition, which caused most sediment to accumulate offshore. The abandoning phase started around 2,200 cal. yr bp when a series of upstream avulsions led to a substantial reduction in fluvial input. This induced a period of enhanced estuarine overbank clay deposition that continued into near‐complete silting up and estuary closure around 1200 ad. These findings exemplify how tidal systems, formed in wide coastal plains during sea‐level high stand, depend on antecedent conditions, and how they respond to connection and disconnection of a large river over long, millennial timescales.

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Section: Geographical Setting and Boundary Conditionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Long‐term evolution of the Old Rhine estuary: Unravelling effects of changing boundary conditions and inherited landscape

Haas

Valk

Cohen

et al. 2019

The Depositional Record

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“…It would be possible to differentiate them further by subenvironment (e.g. shoreface deposits, ‘tidal‐inlet channel deposits’ – see Hijma et al ., 2010), but this was not of relevance for this study. We did differentiate terrestrial early Holocene units (Units EH and BP).…”

Section: Sedimentary Recordmentioning

confidence: 85%

“…Sedimentary units have been discriminated, dated and lithogenetically interpreted (e.g. Van Kolfschoten and De Boer, 1988; Törnqvist et al ., 2003; Wallinga et al ., 2004; Busschers et al ., 2007, 2008; Hijma et al ., 2009, 2010). We used the unit‐descriptive framework of Busschers et al .…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These wind‐blown deposits comprise inland isolated dune complexes and sheets of coversand that south of the survey area give way to loess. The local presence of relict dunes is evident from shallow seismic data (Hijma et al ., 2010) and a few cores (e.g. S3–43 in Fig.…”

Section: Sedimentary Recordmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…17D). The oldest peats of the survey area date to 11 ka, the youngest to 8.5 ka (Van Heteren et al ., 2002; Hijma and Cohen, 2010; Hijma et al ., 2010). Early Holocene deposits overlying the basal peat consist of predominantly freshwater clays rich in woody debris (Terbregge Mb cf.…”

Section: Quaternary Palaeogeographymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Tuning the Acid/Metal Balance of Carbon Nanofiber‐Supported Nickel Catalysts for Hydrolytic Hydrogenation of Cellulose

et al. 2012

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Carbon nanofibers (CNFs) are a class of graphitic support materials with considerable potential for catalytic conversion of biomass. Earlier, we demonstrated the hydrolytic hydrogenation of cellulose over reshaped nickel particles attached at the tip of CNFs. The aim of this follow-up study was to find a relationship between the acid/metal balance of the Ni/CNFs and their performance in the catalytic conversion of cellulose. After oxidation and incipient wetness impregnation with Ni, the Ni/CNFs were characterized by various analytical methods. To prepare a selective Ni/CNF catalyst, the influences of the nature of oxidation agent, Ni activation, and Ni loading were investigated. Under the applied reaction conditions, the best result, that is, 76 % yield in hexitols with 69 % sorbitol selectivity at 93 % conversion of cellulose, was obtained on a 7.5 wt % Ni/CNF catalyst prepared by chemical vapor deposition of CH(4) on a Ni/γ-Al(2)O(3) catalyst, followed by oxidation in HNO(3) (twice for 1 h at 383 K), incipient wetness impregnation, and reduction at 773 K under H(2). This preparation method leads to a properly balanced Ni/CNF catalyst in terms of Ni dispersion and hydrogenation capacity on the one hand, and the number of acidic surface-oxygen groups responsible for the acid-catalyzed hydrolysis on the other.

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Erkens

et al. 2017

Submerged Landscapes of the European Continental Shelf

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Development of a mid-Holocene estuarine basin, Rhine–Meuse mouth area, offshore The Netherlands

Cited by 30 publications

References 41 publications

Long‐term evolution of the Old Rhine estuary: Unravelling effects of changing boundary conditions and inherited landscape

Long‐term evolution of the Old Rhine estuary: Unravelling effects of changing boundary conditions and inherited landscape

Tuning the Acid/Metal Balance of Carbon Nanofiber‐Supported Nickel Catalysts for Hydrolytic Hydrogenation of Cellulose

The North Sea

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