“…At present, industrial hydrodesulfurization processes are common for the removal of mercaptan and thioether from fuel oil. However, for some inactive sulfides, such as benzothiophene (BT), dibenzothiophene (DBT), and 3-methylthiophene (3-MT), hydrodesulfurization technology is difficult because of the effect of benzene ring and alkyl side chain steric hindrance. , Some non-hydrodesulfurization technologies, such as extractive desulfurization (EDS), − alkylation desulfurization (ADS), − biocatalytic desulfurization (BDS), − and oxidative extractive desulfurization (OEDS), − have been widely researched by scholars. EDS requires appropriate temperature and pressure, and it is carried out by liquid–liquid extraction with low energy consumption.…”