Development of a multiobjective optimization procedure dedicated to the design of district energy concept

Sustainable District Cooling Systems: Status, Challenges, and Future Opportunities, with Emphasis on Cooling-Dominated Regions

“…In general, the mathematical optimization of district heating and/or cooling systems has been less investigated and is thus less advanced than at building-scale [121], particularly in regions where district energy systems are not well developed, and/or where energy conservation incentives are limited. However, district systems are spatially and temporally large-scale systems with complex characteristics and that require dedicated optimization methodologies [32,111,121], including in terms of objectives and constraints. Their optimizations involve both continuous and discrete variables (e.g., existence of a power generator, chiller, pump, pipe or other network element, pipe insulation material and thickness), non-linear performance parameters, and a larger design space than at building-scale [121].…”

“…However, district systems are spatially and temporally large-scale systems with complex characteristics and that require dedicated optimization methodologies [32,111,121], including in terms of objectives and constraints. Their optimizations involve both continuous and discrete variables (e.g., existence of a power generator, chiller, pump, pipe or other network element, pipe insulation material and thickness), non-linear performance parameters, and a larger design space than at building-scale [121].…”

“…An overview of DC system optimizations [22,24,25,32,35,37,39,121,122], with emphasis on studies for cooling-dominated regions, is presented in Table 4. Most of these studies [22,24,25,32,122] have focused on the optimization of the DC distribution network infrastructure, which represents substantial investment, to investigate possible distribution pipeline designs and network configuration alternatives that would reduce piping capital and installation costs, and pumping energy cost.…”

“…Perez et al [121] highlighted the need for multi-objective optimizations of district heating/cooling systems, as single-objective optimizations generally do not effectively incorporate holistic sustainability criteria. The authors presented a five-level, multi-objective (energy-, environmental-and economic-based) district heating and cooling system optimization procedure.…”

Steering sustainability transitions? Modular participatory backcasting for strategic planning in the heating and cooling sector

“…Kylili and Fokaides, 2015), development of eco-districts (e.g. Gabillet, 2015;Perez et al, 2018) and implementation of novel methods and tools for demand-side management, e.g. demand-response mechanisms (e.g.…”