Development of a new approach using mathematical modeling to predict cocktail effects of micropollutants of diverse origins

Tire rubber chemicals reduce juvenile oyster (Crassostrea gigas) filtration and respiration under experimental conditions

“…High-throughput nontarget chemical analyses to identify chemicals released by tires (and plastics more generally), such as UPLC-QTOF-MS (Zimmermann et al 2021), are critical in the context of regulation as well as for developing methods to spotlight potential tracers of tire debris (Klöckner et al, 2021;Tian et al, 2020;Wiesinger et al, 2021;Zimmermann et al, 2021). Because toxic effects may be related to a cocktail effect rather than to individual compounds, chemical analyses are not always enough for risk assessment and decision support (Svingen and Vinggaard, 2016;D'Almeida et al, 2020;Escher et al, 2020). Furthermore, not all chemicals can be detected and quantified owing to current methodological limits (Escher et al, 2020).…”

The effects of co-exposure to methyl paraben and dibutyl phthalate on cell line derived from human skin

“…Any unbound inhibitor was washed away and as a result labelled, and only cells in which the caspase has been activated were detected using a fluorescence reader ◂ necessary (e.g. mathematical approach and modern statistical models as in Yang et al [46] or D'Almeida et al [47] research). The exposure assessment (the first step of risk assessment) and identification of hazards at the workplace at the presence of mixtures requires a careful study of the workplace and physical and toxicological principles to ensure a comprehensive evaluation [48].…”

“…It must be emphasized that in this work we used simple method based on synergy indexes and isobolographic analysis after IC 50 determination and the prediction of combined toxicity used in this research can be different with practical data, hence the advanced calculation of toxicity prediction could be necessary (e.g. mathematical approach and modern statistical models as in Yang et al [ 46 ] or D'Almeida et al [ 47 ] research). The exposure assessment (the first step of risk assessment) and identification of hazards at the workplace at the presence of mixtures requires a careful study of the workplace and physical and toxicological principles to ensure a comprehensive evaluation [ 48 ].…”

Orthogonal array composite designs for drug combination experiments with applications for tuberculosis

“…This fractional factorial design has resolution V, which enables the estimation of all nine linear effects plus all 36 bilinear effects. The 27-run OA is a subset of the commonly used OA(27, 3 13 ), which is a 27 × 9 matrix such that all 3 2 level combinations appear equally often in all 27 × 2 submatrices. This OA has the ability to estimate all nine linear effects plus nine quadratic effects for each drug.…”

“…10 Moreover, given the growing literature on the use of design of experiments in medical applications, 11,12 there are also numerous and diverse applications specifically of OACDs in various disciplines. Some examples include determining micropollutants for water contamination, 13 a 12-drug application to determine the optimal combination therapy against SARS-CoV-2, 14 an application with T-cell lymphoma, 15 optimization of antioxidant drug combinations in skin cancer, 16 studying prostate cancer drugs, 17 lipid accumulation for biodiesel fuel, 18 carcinoma cancer applications, [19][20][21] among others. [22][23][24] The aim of this article is to demonstrate the OACD methodology by building upon the foundation set by Xu et al 6 and illustrate the advantages of using an OACD as an alternative to an existing popular class of composite designs.…”