Development of a new LC-MS method for accurate and sensitive determination of 33 pyrrolizidine and 21 tropane alkaloids in plant-based food matrices

Džuman, Zbyněk; Jonatova, Petra; Stranska-Zachariasova, Milena; Prusova, Nela; Brabenec, Ondrej; Nováková, Alena; Fenclová, Marie; Hajšlová, Jana

doi:10.1007/s00216-020-02848-6

Cited by 33 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…Considering the various analytical approaches focusing on selectivity and sensitivity, it seems that methods using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) are the most preferred, as they combine the physical separation properties of liquid chromatography with the mass analysis provided by mass spectrometry [ 56 , 122 ]. In general, the analysis of PAs in various matrices is a quite challenging task, as outlined in excellent reviews and reports from the last few years tackling analytical methods for PAs in certain feed and food [ 123 , 124 , 125 , 126 ].…”

Section: Global Presence and Use Of Plants Containing Pasmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Metabolic Toxification of 1,2-Unsaturated Pyrrolizidine Alkaloids Causes Human Hepatic Sinusoidal Obstruction Syndrome: The Update

Teschke

Noudeng

Quan

et al. 2021

IJMS

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Saturated and unsaturated pyrrolizidine alkaloids (PAs) are present in more than 6000 plant species growing in countries all over the world. They have a typical heterocyclic structure in common, but differ in their potential toxicity, depending on the presence or absence of a double bond between C1 and C2. Fortunately, most plants contain saturated PAs without this double bond and are therefore not toxic for consumption by humans or animals. In a minority of plants, however, PAs with this double bond between C1 and C2 exhibit strong hepatotoxic, genotoxic, cytotoxic, neurotoxic, and tumorigenic potentials. If consumed in error and in large emouns, plants with 1,2-unsaturated PAs induce metabolic breaking-off of the double bonds of the unsaturated PAs, generating PA radicals that may trigger severe liver injury through a process involving microsomal P450 (CYP), with preference of its isoforms CYP 2A6, CYP 3A4, and CYP 3A5. This toxifying CYP-dependent conversion occurs primarily in the endoplasmic reticulum of the hepatocytes equivalent to the microsomal fraction. Toxified PAs injure the protein membranes of hepatocytes, and after passing their plasma membranes, more so the liver sinusoidal endothelial cells (LSECs), leading to life-threatening hepatic sinusoidal obstruction syndrome (HSOS). This injury is easily diagnosed by blood pyrrolizidine protein adducts, which are perfect diagnostic biomarkers, supporting causality evaluation using the updated RUCAM (Roussel Uclaf Causality Assessment Method). HSOS is clinically characterized by weight gain due to fluid accumulation (ascites, pleural effusion, and edema), and may lead to acute liver failure, liver transplantation, or death. In conclusion, plant-derived PAs with a double bond between C1 and C2 are potentially hepatotoxic after metabolic removal of the double bond, and may cause PA-HSOS with a potential lethal outcome, even if PA consumption is stopped.

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Section: Global Presence and Use Of Plants Containing Pasmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Third, a novel method was developed and optimized, which enables the determination of 33 PAs together with their N -oxides [ 125 ]. For the analysis of an aqueous-methanolic extract, reversed phase ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography and tandem mass spectrometry (RP-U-HPLC-MS/MS) was employed.…”

Section: Global Presence and Use Of Plants Containing Pasmentioning

confidence: 99%

Metabolic Toxification of 1,2-Unsaturated Pyrrolizidine Alkaloids Causes Human Hepatic Sinusoidal Obstruction Syndrome: The Update

Teschke

Noudeng

Quan

et al. 2021

IJMS

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“…It was firstly reported in 1973 to separate At, Sc, homatropine and apoatropine [37]. Usually, TAs are analyzed in reverse phase mode with conventional C18 stationary phases [13,14,[17][18][19][21][22][23]25,[27][28][29][30][38][39][40], although C8 [5] and HILIC columns have also been used [16,26,32,33,41]. The mobile phase commonly consisted of a mixture of organic phases (methanol, acetonitrile or mixtures of them, sometimes acidified) and aqueous phases (water with different additives such as acetic and formic acids and salts such as ammonium hydroxide, ammonium formate or ammonium acetate).…”

Section: Sample Preparation and Analysis Methods Of Tas In Foods 41 C...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Regarding detectors, MS detectors predominate, considering that the lack of a strong chromophore in TAs molecules requires detections at low wavelengths, making it difficult to identify these compounds with UV detectors. For this reason, different analyzers based on MS are used to determine TAs, usually triple quadrupole (QqQ) [13,14,[17][18][19][21][22][23]25,[28][29][30]33,41,42] but also quadrupole-ion trap (QTRAP) [27,38]. High-resolution mass spectrometry analyzers (HRMS) such as the Orbitrap analyzer [5,16,18,26,32,39,40] or its variant quadrupoleorbitrap (Q-Orbitrap) [5] have also been used.…”

Section: Sample Preparation and Analysis Methods Of Tas In Foods 41 C...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Occurrence and Chemistry of Tropane Alkaloids in Foods, with a Focus on Sample Analysis Methods: A Review on Recent Trends and Technological Advances

González-Gómez

Morante‐Zarcero

Pérez-Quintanilla

et al. 2022

Foods

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Tropane alkaloids (TAs) are natural toxins produced by different plants, mainly from the Solanaceae family. The interest in TAs analysis is due to the serious cases of poisoning that are produced due to the presence of TA-producing plants in a variety of foods. For this reason, in recent years, different analytical methods have been reported for their control. However, the complexity of the matrices makes the sample preparation a critical step for this task. Therefore, this review has focused on (a) collecting the available data in relation to the occurrence of TAs in foods for human consumption and (b) providing the state of the art in food sample preparation (from 2015 to today). Regarding the different food categories, cereals and related products and teas and herbal teas have been the most analyzed. Solid–liquid extraction is still the technique most widely used for sample preparation, although other extraction and purification techniques such as solid-phase extraction or QuEChERS procedure, based on the use of sorbents for extract or clean-up step, are being applied since they allow cleaner extracts. On the other hand, new materials (molecularly imprinted polymers, mesostructured silica-based materials, metal–organic frameworks) are emerging as sorbents to develop effective extraction and purification methods that allow lower limits and matrix effects, being a future trend for the analysis of TAs.

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“…In this sense, methods with a low quantitation limit (MQL) are recommended by the EFSA (5 µg/kg for agricultural products, ingredients, food supplements and infusions, 2 µg/kg for finished products and 1 µg/kg for cereal-based baby food products) [ 14 ]. Currently, some existing sample preparation protocols consist of simple solid–liquid extraction (SLE) with acidified aqueous solvents or mixtures of them with organic solvents [ 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 ]. Due to the complexity of food matrices, the sample extracts are sometimes purified and pre-concentrated by solid-phase extraction (SPE), in an arrangement of sorbent-packed columns.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mesostructured Silicas as Cation-Exchange Sorbents in Packed or Dispersive Solid Phase Extraction for the Determination of Tropane Alkaloids in Culinary Aromatics Herbs by HPLC-MS/MS

González-Gómez

Casado

Morante‐Zarcero

et al. 2022

Toxins

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In this work, Hexagonal Mesoporous Silica (HMS) and Santa Barbara Amorphous-15 (SBA-15) mesostructured silicas were synthesized and functionalized with sulfonic acid groups. The materials (HMS-SO3− and SBA-15-SO3−) were evaluated as strong cation exchange sorbents for sample extract clean-up, by solid phase extraction (SPE) and dispersive solid phase extraction, to determine atropine (At) and scopolamine (Sc) in commercial culinary aromatic herbs. Under optimized conditions, 0.25 g of sample was subject to solid–liquid extraction with acidified water (pH 1.0), and good recovery percentages were achieved for At and Sc using 75 mg of HMS-SO3− in SPE as the clean-up stage, prior to their determination by HPLC-MS/MS. The proposed method was validated in a thyme sample showing recoveries in the range of 70–92%, good linearity (R2 > 0.999), adequate precision (RSD ≤ 14%) and low limits (MDL 0.8–2.2 µg/kg and MQL 2.6–7.2 µg/kg for both analytes). Sixteen aromatic herbs samples (dried thyme, basil and coriander leaves) were analysed and At was found in fourteen samples over an interval of <5–42 μg/kg, whereas Sc was found in three of the sixteen samples studied (between <5–34 μg/kg). The amount of At and Sc found in some analysed samples confirms the importance of setting maximum levels of At and Sc in culinary aromatic herbs.

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Development of a new LC-MS method for accurate and sensitive determination of 33 pyrrolizidine and 21 tropane alkaloids in plant-based food matrices

Cited by 33 publications

References 27 publications

Metabolic Toxification of 1,2-Unsaturated Pyrrolizidine Alkaloids Causes Human Hepatic Sinusoidal Obstruction Syndrome: The Update

Metabolic Toxification of 1,2-Unsaturated Pyrrolizidine Alkaloids Causes Human Hepatic Sinusoidal Obstruction Syndrome: The Update

Occurrence and Chemistry of Tropane Alkaloids in Foods, with a Focus on Sample Analysis Methods: A Review on Recent Trends and Technological Advances

Mesostructured Silicas as Cation-Exchange Sorbents in Packed or Dispersive Solid Phase Extraction for the Determination of Tropane Alkaloids in Culinary Aromatics Herbs by HPLC-MS/MS

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