Development of a novel immunochromatographic lateral flow assay specific for Mycobacterium bovis cells and its application in combination with immunomagnetic separation to test badger faeces

Stewart, Linda; Tort, Nuria; Meakin, Paul; Argudo, José M.; Nzuma, Ruramayi M.; Reid, Neil; Delahay, Richard J.; Ashford, Roland T.; Montgomery, W. Ian; Grant, Irene R.

doi:10.1186/s12917-017-1048-x

Cited by 24 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…1 and 2 suggest that the limit of detection of the novel LFD is whatever number of M. bovis cells a C T value in the mid-to high 20s corresponds to. This number may differ depending on the qPCR method employed, but it is likely to be a reasonably high number of M. bovis cells, which would agree with the limit of detection of the LFD previously determined using spiked feces and dilutions of M. bovis cultures at QUB (10). Unfortunately, information on what number of M. bovis cells equates to a C T value in the mid-20s was not obtainable from any of the three laboratories concerned; in these laboratories, the qPCR methods were being used qualitatively and not for quantification.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 79%

“…It is evident from the results of this study that the novel LFD is less sensitive than qPCR. This is not a surprising finding given that the limit of detection of the LFD is 10 4 to 10 5 M. bovis cells/ml of sample (10) and the limit of detection of qPCR methods for MTBC is generally much lower (30); for example, the limit of detection of the French IS6110 qPCR is 3 genomic units (Jean-Louis Moyen, Dordogne, personal communication). The results presented in Fig.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Multilaboratory Evaluation of a Novel Lateral Flow Immunochromatographic Assay for Confirming Isolation of Mycobacterium bovis from Veterinary Diagnostic Specimens

et al. 2017

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A novel lateral flow immunochromatographic device (LFD) was evaluated in several veterinary diagnostic laboratories. It was confirmed to be specific for and cells. The performance of the novel LFD was assessed relative to the confirmatory tests routinely applied after culture (spoligotyping or quantitative PCR [qPCR]) in each laboratory; liquid (MGIT or BacT/Alert) and/or solid (Stonebrink, Coletsos, or Lowenstein-Jensen) cultures were tested. In comparison to spoligotyping of acid-fast-positive MGIT cultures, percent agreement between positive LFD and spoligotyping results was excellent in two United Kingdom laboratories (97.7 to 100%) but lower in the Spanish context (76%), where spoligotyping was applied to MGIT cultures previously confirmed to be positive for complex (MTBC) by qPCR. Certain spoligotypes of and were not detected by the LFD in Spanish MGIT cultures. Compared to qPCR confirmation, the agreement between positive LFD and qPCR results was 42.3% and 50% for BacT/Alert and MGIT liquid cultures, respectively, and for solid cultures, it ranged from 11.1 to 89.2%, depending on the solid medium employed (Coletsos, 11.1%; Lowenstein-Jensen, 55.6%; Stonebrinks, 89.2%). Correlation between the novel LFD and BD MGIT TBc Identification test results was excellent when 190 MGIT cultures were tested ( = 0.9791; < 0.0001), with the added benefit that was differentiated from another MTBC species in one MGIT culture by the novel LFD. This multilaboratory evaluation demonstrated the novel LFD's potential utility as a rapid test to confirm isolation of and from veterinary specimens following culture.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 79%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multilaboratory Evaluation of a Novel Lateral Flow Immunochromatographic Assay for Confirming Isolation of Mycobacterium bovis from Veterinary Diagnostic Specimens

et al. 2017

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“…In contrast, the lower ranking tests consisted of more CMI diagnostics, such as the TST. Based on the DOR, the worst performing test were an LFD using an IgG cocktail of commercial anti-mouse IgG and anti-rabbit IgG [ 42 ] (DOR, 1.1) and both CITT and SITT. Antigenic targets among the more poorly performing tests included bPPD and MPB83, although MPB83 featured infrequently in comparison to bPPD.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Review of Methods Used for Diagnosing Tuberculosis in Captive and Free-Ranging Non-Bovid Species (2012–2020)

Thomas

Chambers

2021

Pathogens

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The Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (MTBC) is a group of bacteria that cause tuberculosis (TB) in diverse hosts, including captive and free-ranging wildlife species. There is significant research interest in developing immunodiagnostic tests for TB that are both rapid and reliable, to underpin disease surveillance and control. The aim of this study was to carry out an updated review of diagnostics for TB in non-bovid species with a focus predominantly on those based on measurement of immunity. A search was carried out to identify relevant papers meeting a pre-defined set of inclusion criteria. Forty-one papers were identified from this search, from which only twenty papers contained data to measure and compare diagnostic performance using diagnostic odds ratio. The diagnostic tests from each study were ranked based on sensitivity, specificity, and diagnostic odds ratio to define high performing tests. High sensitivity and specificity values across a range of species were reported for a new antigenic target, P22 complex, demonstrating it to be a reliable and accurate antigenic target. Since the last review of this kind was undertaken, the immunodiagnosis of TB in meerkats and African wild dogs was reported for the first time. Suid species showed the most consistent immunological responses and highlight a potential dichotomy between humoral and cellular immune responses.

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“…However, the technique, when applied as a lateral flow assay, detected only high numbers of shed M . bovis in badger faeces [ 141 ].…”

Section: Methods For Investigating M mentioning

confidence: 99%

Does Mycobacterium tuberculosis var. bovis Survival in the Environment Confound Bovine Tuberculosis Control and Eradication? A Literature Review

Allen

Ford

Skuce

2021

Veterinary Medicine International

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Bovine tuberculosis (bTB) is one of the globe’s most common, multihost zoonoses and results in substantial socioeconomic costs for governments, farming industries, and tax payers. Despite decades of surveillance and research, surprisingly, little is known about the exact mechanisms of transmission. In particular, as a facultative intracellular pathogen, to what extent does survival of the causative agent, Mycobacterium tuberculosis var. bovis (M. bovis), in the environment constitute an epidemiological risk for livestock and wildlife? Due largely to the classical pathology of cattle cases, the received wisdom was that bTB was spread by direct inhalation and exchange of bioaerosols containing droplets laden with bacteria. Other members of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (MTBC) exhibit differing host ranges, an apparent capacity to persist in environmental fomites, and they favour a range of different transmission routes. It is possible, therefore, that infection from environmental sources of M. bovis could be a disease transmission risk. Recent evidence from GPS-collared cattle and badgers in Britain and Ireland suggests that direct transmission by infectious droplets or aerosols may not be the main mechanism for interspecies transmission, raising the possibility of indirect transmission involving a contaminated, shared environment. The possibility that classical pulmonary TB can be simulated and recapitulated in laboratory animal models by ingestion of contaminated feed is a further intriguing indication of potential environmental risk. Livestock and wildlife are known to shed M. bovis onto pasture, soil, feedstuffs, water, and other fomites; field and laboratory studies have indicated that persistence is possible, but variable, under differing environmental conditions. Given the potential infection risk, it is timely to review the available evidence, experimental approaches, and methodologies that could be deployed to address this potential blind spot and control point. Although we focus on evidence from Western Europe, the concepts are widely applicable to other multihost bTB episystems.

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Development of a novel immunochromatographic lateral flow assay specific for Mycobacterium bovis cells and its application in combination with immunomagnetic separation to test badger faeces

Cited by 24 publications

References 27 publications

Multilaboratory Evaluation of a Novel Lateral Flow Immunochromatographic Assay for Confirming Isolation of Mycobacterium bovis from Veterinary Diagnostic Specimens

Multilaboratory Evaluation of a Novel Lateral Flow Immunochromatographic Assay for Confirming Isolation of Mycobacterium bovis from Veterinary Diagnostic Specimens

Review of Methods Used for Diagnosing Tuberculosis in Captive and Free-Ranging Non-Bovid Species (2012–2020)

Does Mycobacterium tuberculosis var. bovis Survival in the Environment Confound Bovine Tuberculosis Control and Eradication? A Literature Review

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