Development of a patient-specific two-compartment anthropomorphic breast phantom

Prionas, Nicolas D.; Burkett, George W.; McKenney, Sarah E.; Chen, Lin; Stern, Robin L; Boone, John M.

doi:10.1088/0031-9155/57/13/4293

Cited by 12 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…For the MSK, Head, C-arm, and Linac configurations, anthropomorphic models of a knee, a head, a thorax, and a pelvis were built from models included in the Virtual Family Project 63, 64 dataset at voxel size 1.0 mm. For the Breast configuration, a digital breast phantom was constructed from a manually segmented breast CBCT volume 65 of a breast at voxel size 0.5 mm. Materials in the realistic phantoms included air, lung, adipose, soft tissue, brain, skin, muscle, cartilage, red marrow, and cortical bone, with cross sections computed from the same resources as described above for the Common Phantom.…”

Section: Iib Cbct System and Object Modelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Monte Carlo study of the effects of system geometry and antiscatter grids on cone‐beam CT scatter distributions

et al. 2013

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Purpose:The proliferation of cone-beam CT (CBCT) has created interest in performance optimization, with x-ray scatter identified among the main limitations to image quality. CBCT often contends with elevated scatter, but the wide variety of imaging geometry in different CBCT configurations suggests that not all configurations are affected to the same extent. Graphics processing unit (GPU) accelerated Monte Carlo (MC) simulations are employed over a range of imaging geometries to elucidate the factors governing scatter characteristics, efficacy of antiscatter grids, guide system design, and augment development of scatter correction. Methods: A MC x-ray simulator implemented on GPU was accelerated by inclusion of variance reduction techniques (interaction splitting, forced scattering, and forced detection) and extended to include x-ray spectra and analytical models of antiscatter grids and flat-panel detectors. The simulator was applied to small animal (SA), musculoskeletal (MSK) extremity, otolaryngology (Head), breast, interventional C-arm, and on-board (kilovoltage) linear accelerator (Linac) imaging, with an axis-todetector distance (ADD) of 5, 12, 22, 32, 60, and 50 cm, respectively. Each configuration was modeled with and without an antiscatter grid and with (i) an elliptical cylinder varying 70-280 mm in major axis; and (ii) digital murine and anthropomorphic models. The effects of scatter were evaluated in terms of the angular distribution of scatter incident upon the detector, scatter-to-primary ratio (SPR), artifact magnitude, contrast, contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR), and visual assessment. Results: Variance reduction yielded improvements in MC simulation efficiency ranging from ∼17-fold (for SA CBCT) to ∼35-fold (for Head and C-arm), with the most significant acceleration due to interaction splitting (∼6 to ∼10-fold increase in efficiency). The benefit of a more extended geometry was evident by virtue of a larger air gap-e.g., for a 16 cm diameter object, the SPR reduced from 1.5 for ADD = 12 cm (MSK geometry) to 1.1 for ADD = 22 cm (Head) and to 0.5 for ADD = 60 cm (C-arm). Grid efficiency was higher for configurations with shorter air gap due to a broader angular distribution of scattered photons-e.g., scatter rejection factor ∼0.8 for MSK geometry versus ∼0.65 for C-arm. Grids reduced cupping for all configurations but had limited improvement on scatterinduced streaks and resulted in a loss of CNR for the SA, Breast, and C-arm. Relative contribution of forward-directed scatter increased with a grid (e.g., Rayleigh scatter fraction increasing from ∼0.15 without a grid to ∼0.25 with a grid for the MSK configuration), resulting in scatter distributions with greater spatial variation (the form of which depended on grid orientation). Conclusions: A fast MC simulator combining GPU acceleration with variance reduction provided a systematic examination of a range of CBCT configurations in relation to scatter, highlighting the magnitude and spatial uniformity of individual scatter components, illustrating trad...

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Section: Iib Cbct System and Object Modelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Monte Carlo study of the effects of system geometry and antiscatter grids on cone‐beam CT scatter distributions

et al. 2013

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“…Their approach was similar to that used by the Duke University group discussed in Section 5.C. above. Prionas et al . have developed a method for fabricating a two‐compartment anthropomorphic breast phantom specific to an individual patient's uncompressed breast anatomy.…”

Section: Physical Anthropomorphic Phantomsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Advances in digital and physical anthropomorphic breast phantoms for x‐ray imaging

Glick

Ikejimba

2018

Medical Physics

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Purpose: With the advent of three-dimensional (3D) breast imaging modalities such as digital breast tomosynthesis (DBT) and dedicated breast CT (bCT), research into new anthropomorphic breast phantoms has accelerated. These breast phantoms are important for the optimization of new breast imaging systems, assessing new regulatory submissions to prove safety and effectiveness, and for developing new approaches to acceptance and constancy testing of 3D breast imaging systems. This paper provides a review of current research investigating both digital and physical breast phantom development for use in x-ray based imaging. Methods: Two approaches for designing anthropomorphic, digital breast phantoms are discussed, procedural model-based phantom generation, where breast features are expressed using mathematical models, and patient-based generation, where breast structures from tissue specimens or patient-based breast MR or CT volumes are segmented. Following this discussion, a review of physical anthropomorphic phantoms is given, with emphasis on the advantages and disadvantages present with each approach. Conclusions: This paper provides a summary of the state-of-the-art in anthropomorphic breast phantom development for x-ray breast imaging. The primary advantage of model-based digital phantoms is that an unlimited number of phantoms with varying size, shape, and density can be generated. Current research on model-based breast phantoms is producing more and more realistic breast models; however, they probably are not yet able to pass the so-called "fool the radiologist" visualization test. Empirical patient-based breast phantoms are typically based on clinical breast CT data and look more realistic. However, clinical breast CT images have limited spatial resolution and thus do not always portray the finer details in the breast. A number of innovative solutions have been proposed for fabricating physical anthropomorphic breast phantoms based on digital phantom models; however, a number of challenges remain, including realistic modeling of x-ray attenuation properties and accurately representing high-frequency structures within breast. Published 2018. This article is a U.S. Government work and is in the public domain in the USA [https://doi.org/10.1002/mp.13110]

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“…The phantom showed an acceptable appearance with the presence of air bubbles [ 3 ]. A CT Breast Phantom was designed by segmenting the patient’s breast image into both adipose and fibroglandular tissue and made from polyethylene [ 4 ]. A thermoplastic mold was placed as the outer layer of the skin to mimic the different tissue.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Heterogeneous breast phantom for computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging

et al. 2023

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In this article, a heterogeneous multimodal anthropomorphic breast phantom with carcinoma is introduced to meet the response of the natural breast tissue when imaged using ionizing and non-ionizing machines. The skin, adipose, fibroglandular, pectoral muscle, and carcinoma tissue were mimicked. A T1-weighted breast magnetic resonance image with BI-RADS I tissue segmentation was used for molds creation. The tissue-mimicking materials (TMMs) were tailored in terms of their elemental composition weight fractions and their response to ionization radiation parameters. These are the mass attenuation coefficient (MAC), electron density (ne) and effective atomic number (Zeff). The behaviour of the TMMs, when exposed to a wide range of ionization radiation energy, was investigated analytically and numerically using X-COM. The achieved results showed an excellent agreement with the corresponding properties of the natural breast elemental compositions as reported by the International Commission on Radiation Units and Measurements (ICRU). The MAC of the TMMs and the ICRU-based breast tissue were found to be consistent. The maximum percentage of error in ne and Zeff amounts to only 2.93% and 5.76%, respectively. For non-ionizing imaging, the TMMs were characterized in term of T1 and T2 relaxation times. Using our preclinical MRI unit, the TMMs relaxation times were measured and compared to the natural tissue. The fabricated phantom was validated experimentally using CT, MRI, and Mammographic machines. The achieved images of the TMMs were in alignment with the real tissue in terms of CT HU values and grayscale colors. T1W and T2W images on MRI revealed the expected contrast between TMMs as in natural tissue.

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Development of a patient-specific two-compartment anthropomorphic breast phantom

Cited by 12 publications

References 26 publications

Monte Carlo study of the effects of system geometry and antiscatter grids on cone‐beam CT scatter distributions

Monte Carlo study of the effects of system geometry and antiscatter grids on cone‐beam CT scatter distributions

Advances in digital and physical anthropomorphic breast phantoms for x‐ray imaging

Heterogeneous breast phantom for computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging

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