Development of a peptide ELISA to discriminate vaccine-induced immunity from natural infection of hepatitis A virus in a phase IV study

Ye, C.; Luo, Jia; Wang, X.; Xi, Jing; Pan, Yue; Chen, J.; Yang, Xiaofei; Li, G.; Sun, Qiangming; Yang, Jingsi

doi:10.1007/s10096-017-3040-6

Cited by 9 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…In such cases, this would have led to a misclassification and overestimation of HAV infected individuals. Such overestimation might be bypassed using specific serological methods (with HAV non-structural epitopes) which have been very recently described 50 , 51 . Thus, such a new technique could then also be implemented in a follow-up study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hepatitis A virus infections, immunisations and demographic determinants in children and adolescents, Germany

Michaelis

Poethko‐Müller

Kuhnert

et al. 2018

Sci Rep

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Hepatitis A is a vaccine-preventable disease with a global distribution. It predominantly occurs in regions with inadequate living conditions, but also affects populations in industrialised countries. Children are frequently involved in the transmission of hepatitis A virus (HAV) and thus play a central role in the epidemiology of hepatitis A. Here, we investigated HAV infections, immunisations, and associated demographic determinants in a nationwide, population-based, cross-sectional survey conducted in Germany from 2003–2006. Out of 17,640 children and adolescents, complete data sets (HAV serology, demographic information and vaccination card) were available for 12,249 (69%), all aged 3–17 years. We found protective antibody levels (>=20 IU/L) in 1,755 (14%) individuals, 1,395 (11%) were vaccinated against hepatitis A, 360 (3%) individuals were HAV seropositive without prior hepatitis A vaccination, thus indicating a previous HAV infection. Antibody prevalence (attributable to vaccination or infection) increased significantly with age. Multivariate logistic regression revealed that predominantly children and adolescents with migration background–even if they were born in Germany–are affected by HAV infections. Our results provide a rationale to emphasise existing vaccination recommendations and, moreover, to consider additional groups with a higher risk of infection for targeted vaccination, especially children with a migration background.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hepatitis A virus infections, immunisations and demographic determinants in children and adolescents, Germany

Michaelis

Poethko‐Müller

Kuhnert

et al. 2018

Sci Rep

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“…200 The potential value of such a diagnostic tool was then not further investigated. Interest in this topic reemerged recently and several publications on tests using recombinant antigens [201][202][203] claim to be able to discriminate between natural infection and antibodies induced by live-attenuated or inactivated vaccines, 201,202 or to distinguish between natural infection and immunity induced by inactivated vaccines. 203 The aforementioned three studies were made with sera collections containing mainly onetime samples only.…”

Section: Infection-versus Vaccine-induced Anti-hav Antibodiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hepatitis A vaccination and its immunological and epidemiological long-term effects – a review of the evidence

Herzog

Herck

Damme

2020

Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics

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Hepatitis A virus (HAV) infections continue to represent a significant disease burden causing approximately 200 million infections, 30 million symptomatic illnesses and 30,000 deaths each year. Effective and safe hepatitis A vaccines have been available since the early 1990s. Initially developed for individual prophylaxis, HAV vaccines are now increasingly used to control hepatitis A in endemic areas. The human enteral HAV is eradicable in principle, however, HAV eradication is currently not being pursued. Inactivated HAV vaccines are safe and, after two doses, elicit seroprotection in healthy children, adolescents, and young adults for an estimated 30-40 years, if not lifelong, with no need for a later second booster. The long-term effects of the single-dose live-attenuated HAV vaccines are less well documented but available data suggest they are safe and provide long-lasting immunity and protection. A universal mass vaccination strategy (UMV) based on two doses of inactivated vaccine is commonly implemented in endemic countries and eliminates clinical hepatitis A disease in toddlers within a few years. Consequently, older age groups also benefit due to the herd protection effects. Single-dose UMV programs have shown promising outcomes but need to be monitored for many more years in order to document an effective immune memory persistence. In non-endemic countries, prevention efforts need to focus on 'new' risk groups, such as men having sex with men, prisoners, the homeless, and families visiting friends and relatives in endemic countries. This narrative review presents the current evidence regarding the immunological and epidemiological long-term effects of the hepatitis A vaccination and finally discusses emerging issues and areas for research.

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“…Therefore, we further dissected the antibody responses against these viruses by examining protein– and peptide-level reactivity profiles. Notably, all HAV vaccines approved for use in the US are inactivated and it has been shown that antibody responses to natural infection and vaccination can be differentiated by measuring the response to nonstructural proteins, to which a response will only be generated with a natural infection (i.e., when there is virus replication and production of non-structural proteins) (42). Therefore, to examine the role of natural exposure to HAV in the observed difference in seropositivity, we mapped all enriched HAV peptides for each seropositive sample across the HAV proteome.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mapping disparities in viral infection rates using highly-multiplexed serology

Piña,

Elko,

Caballero

et al. 2024

Preprint

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Despite advancements in medical interventions, the disease burden caused by viral pathogens remains large and highly diverse. This burden includes the wide range of signs and symptoms associated with active viral replication as well as a variety of clinical sequelae of infection. Moreover, there is growing evidence supporting the existence of sex– and ethnicity-based health disparities linked to viral infections and their associated diseases. Despite several well-documented disparities in viral infection rates, our current understanding of virus-associated health disparities remains incomplete. This knowledge gap can be attributed, in part, to limitations of the most commonly used viral detection methodologies, which lack the breadth needed to characterize exposures across the entire virome. Additionally, virus-related health disparities are dynamic and often differ considerably through space and time. In this study, we utilize PepSeq, an approach for highly-multiplexed serology, to broadly assess an individual’s history of viral exposures, and we demonstrate the effectiveness of this approach for detecting infection disparities through a pilot study of 400 adults aged 30-60 in Phoenix, AZ. Using a human virome PepSeq library, we observed expected seroprevalence rates for several common viruses and detected both expected and previously undocumented differences in inferred rates of infection between our Hispanic White and non-Hispanic White individuals.ImportanceOur understanding of population-level virus infection rates and associated health disparities is incomplete. In part, this is because of the high diversity of human-infecting viruses and the limited breadth and sensitivity of traditional approaches for detecting infection events. Here, we demonstrate the potential for modern, highly-multiplexed antibody detection methods to greatly increase our understanding of disparities in rates of infection across subpopulations (e.g., different sexes or ethnic groups). The use of antibodies as biomarkers allows us to detect evidence of past infections over an extended period of time, and our approach for highly-multiplexed serology (PepSeq) allows us to measure antibody responses against 100s of viruses in an efficient and cost-effective manner.

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Development of a peptide ELISA to discriminate vaccine-induced immunity from natural infection of hepatitis A virus in a phase IV study

Cited by 9 publications

References 18 publications

Hepatitis A virus infections, immunisations and demographic determinants in children and adolescents, Germany

Hepatitis A virus infections, immunisations and demographic determinants in children and adolescents, Germany

Hepatitis A vaccination and its immunological and epidemiological long-term effects – a review of the evidence

Mapping disparities in viral infection rates using highly-multiplexed serology

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