Development of a perfluoromethylcyclohexane (PMCH) permeation plug release vessel (PPRV) for tracer gas studies in underground mines

Jong, Edmund C.; Peng, Yiming; Bradley, William T.; Luxbacher, Kray; Agioutantis, Z.; McNair, Harold M.

doi:10.1016/j.psep.2015.02.012

Cited by 6 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…The basic concept of a passive release system for PMCH was initially introduced by Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL). This original device was expanded and modified over the course of several studies for use in underground mines (Jong and Luxbacher 2015;Jong et al 2015). The PPRV used in this field test consisted of a hollow aluminium cylinder with one end of the cylinder opened to the atmosphere and the other end closed.…”

Section: The Pprvmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As the thickness of the plug increases, the flow resistance sympathetically increases. Using these relationships, a previous long-term study of the PPRV produced the following equation to compute the release rate of PMCH, R , in gram per minute as a function of temperature, T , in degree celsius and plug thickness, A , in centimeters (Jong et al 2015) …”

Section: The Pprvmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The permeation plug release vessel (PPRV) converts PMCH from a volatile liquid to a vapour and releases it in a controlled, predictable manner. Although many laboratory studies have been conducted to develop the PPRV (Jong and Luxbacher 2015; Jong and Luxbacher 2016; Jong et al 2015), it has not yet been subjected to an underground mining environment. This paper presents details about a steady-state release of PMCH at an underground longwall mine in the United States.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Field test of a perfluoromethylcyclohexane (PMCH) permeation plug release vessel (PPRV) in an underground longwall mine

et al. 2016

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2016): Field test of a perfluoromethylcyclohexane (PMCH) permeation plug release vessel (PPRV) in an underground longwall mine, Mining Technology To link to this article: http://dx.Perfluoromethylcyclohexane (PMCH) was released in a Midwestern underground longwall mine in the United States using a PMCH permeation plug release vessel (PPRV). The operators of this mine graciously allowed full access to an active longwall panel at two points in time to perform the test. This paper presents a study designed to determine the feasibility of using a PPRV in an underground mine environment for tracer gas studies. The results of this study showed that the PPRV is a feasible tracer delivery system for releasing PMCH at mine scale. Some of the advantages afforded by the PPRV over traditional release techniques are also highlighted.

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Section: The Pprvmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: The Pprvmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Field test of a perfluoromethylcyclohexane (PMCH) permeation plug release vessel (PPRV) in an underground longwall mine

et al. 2016

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“…Thus, commonly used tracers or markers are costly isotope-based or fluorinated molecules that can be unambiguously detected at low concentrations by common analytical instruments. 9,10 In recent years, nanoparticle-based tracers, 5,11−16 especially polymeric nanoparticles (NPs), 6,17 have attracted research interest for oil field applications. 7,17,18 Polymeric NPs, differentiated in solubility and thermal stability from small molecules, are separable from most matrices via solvent extraction and thermal separation.…”

Section: ■ Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Trace quantities of marker molecules, therefore, have to be distinct from thousands of environmental chemicals when analyzed by available analytical methods such as mass spectrometry, NMR, or optical spectroscopy. Thus, commonly used tracers or markers are costly isotope-based or fluorinated molecules that can be unambiguously detected at low concentrations by common analytical instruments. , In recent years, nanoparticle-based tracers, ,− especially polymeric nanoparticles (NPs), , have attracted research interest for oil field applications. ,, Polymeric NPs, differentiated in solubility and thermal stability from small molecules, are separable from most matrices via solvent extraction and thermal separation. ,, However, synthetic polymers have a long lifetime that results in the accumulation of polymers in the environment over time, which elevates the overall background signal during detection, making polymers not sustainable for extensive applications. Transient markers that will perform their functions for a defined time frame and then degrade in the environment are therefore highly desirable.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Functionalized Polysaccharides as Transient Markers for Subsurface Monitoring

et al. 2022

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Tracers, or ″markers″, have extensive applications in monitoring the subsurface and environment. Oil and gas fields apply a series of molecular tracers for interwell monitoring to support reservoir management. In near wellbore applications, tracers help to identify zonal flow allocation. Continuous monitoring using a series of different tracers is particularly appealing for mud logging operations that require precise and real-time assessment of the formation. Mineral particles (cuttings), generated during drilling, can provide valuable petrophysical and lithological information about the formation. In recent studies, polymeric nanoparticles (tracers) have shown promising results in labeling the cuttings at the depth of their origin. However, nondegradable tracers, such as polymeric nanoparticles, accumulate in the downhole/drilling fluids during continuous operation, which increase background noise at the time of detection and therefore reduce the detectability of the tracers over time. Thus, the application of a tracer-based technology demands the development of many different costly tracers to overcome the background noise in detection caused by tracer accumulation. Here we present the development of the first generation of transient markers that perform their ″marker″ function for a short period of time before degrading to undetectable molecules in the environment. These markers are conjugates of inexpensive polysaccharides with aromatic halides (tracers), which are synthesized via a simple esterification method. We have demonstrated that these markers can label mineral particles and then release the tracer molecules during pyrolysis-GCMS (Py-GCMS) analysis. The Py-GCMS results show distinct retention times and mass patterns that unambiguously identify the marker on the mineral particles. Additionally, we have characterized the hydrolysis of the marker at elevated temperatures in basic fluids using NMR, double-shot Py-GCMS analysis, and HPLC and determined the first-order rate constant of the marker’s hydrolysis using quantitative Py-GCMS analysis. The results have demonstrated the potential for the transient application of these markers in subsurface environments.

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Effective utilization of tracer gas in characterization of underground mine ventilation networks

Jong²,

Luxbacher

et al. 2016

Process Safety and Environmental Protection

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Development of a perfluoromethylcyclohexane (PMCH) permeation plug release vessel (PPRV) for tracer gas studies in underground mines

Cited by 6 publications

References 15 publications

Field test of a perfluoromethylcyclohexane (PMCH) permeation plug release vessel (PPRV) in an underground longwall mine

Field test of a perfluoromethylcyclohexane (PMCH) permeation plug release vessel (PPRV) in an underground longwall mine

Functionalized Polysaccharides as Transient Markers for Subsurface Monitoring

Effective utilization of tracer gas in characterization of underground mine ventilation networks

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