Development of a Predictive Model for Calculation of Molecular Weight of Humic Substances

Perminova, Irina V.; Frimmel, Fritz H.; Kovalevskii, Dmitrii V.; Abbt‐Braun, Gudrun; Kudryavtsev, A. V.; Hesse, Sebastian

doi:10.1016/s0043-1354(97)00283-2

Cited by 133 publications

(89 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…Size exclusion chromatography (SEC) analyses of HS were performed according to Perminova et al (37). The SEC system Abimed (Gilson, France) included a high-pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC) pump, autosampler, and glass column and was equipped with a UV detector.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Estimation of Uptake of Humic Substances from Different Sources by Escherichia coli Cells under Optimum and Salt Stress Conditions by Use of Tritium-Labeled Humic Materials

Куликова

Perminova

Badun

et al. 2010

Appl Environ Microbiol

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The primary goal of this paper is to demonstrate potential strengths of the use of tritium-labeled humic substances (HS) to quantify their interaction with living cells under various conditions. A novel approach was taken to study the interaction between a model microorganism and the labeled humic material. The bacterium Escherichia coli was used as a model microorganism. Salt stress was used to study interactions of HS with living cells under nonoptimum conditions. Six tritium-labeled samples of HS originating from coal, peat, and soil were examined. To quantify their interaction with E. coli cells, bioconcentration factors (BCF) were calculated and the amount of HS that penetrated into the cell interior was determined, and the liquid scintillation counting technique was used as well. The BCF values under optimum conditions varied from 0.9 to 13.1 liters kg ؊1 of cell biomass, whereas under salt stress conditions the range of corresponding values increased substantially and accounted for 0.2 to 130 liters kg ؊1 . The measured amounts of HS that penetrated into the cells were 23 to 167 mg and 25 to 465 mg HS per kg of cell biomass under optimum and salt stress conditions, respectively. This finding indicated increased penetration of HS into E. coli cells under salt stress.Humic substances (HS) are natural organic compounds comprising 50 to 90% of the organic matter of peat, coal, and sapropel (i.e., sludge that accumulates at the bottom of lakes), as well as of the nonliving organic matter of soil and water ecosystems (9,34,53). Being the products of stochastic synthesis, HS are characterized as polydispersed substances having elemental compositions that are nonstoichiometric and structures which are irregular and heterogeneous. Thus, it is not possible to assign an exact structure to HS. Instead, they are operationally defined using a model structure predicated on available compositional, structural, functional, and behavioral data: a model structure containing all the same basic structural units and types of reactive functional groups (46). HS have been demonstrated to contain a large amount of residues resembling the original building blocks (aromatic subunits, amino acids, carbohydrates, etc.) (51) as well as polyphenolic components with nonhydrolyzable C-C and ether bonds (51, 16). Since humic matter is a complex mixture of organic substances, HS yield extremely high polydispersity values (i.e., the ratio of weight-average molecular weight to the number-average molecular weight [M w /M n ]), which vary within the range of 1.64 to 4.40 (38). These extremely high polydispersity values mean that even though they yield relatively high values of molecular weight, HS contain a low-molecular-weight fraction.HS are known to play important roles in protecting microorganisms and higher plants from climatic and technogenic stresses, such as pollution, draught, UV irradiation, and pathogen and viral infections (2, 22, 31). However, mechanisms underlying protective functions of these natural systems are still poorly und...

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Estimation of Uptake of Humic Substances from Different Sources by Escherichia coli Cells under Optimum and Salt Stress Conditions by Use of Tritium-Labeled Humic Materials

Куликова

Perminova

Badun

et al. 2010

Appl Environ Microbiol

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“…SEC characterization of complex multicomponent mixtures of polyfunctional polyelectrolytes such as humic substances is well-known to be difficult due to the preponderance of separation mechanisms other than size exclusion (e.g., electrostatic and molecular interactions with the stationary phase). At this time, after years of application of SEC to humic materials, optimal elution and detection systems, as well as molecular size interpretations of chromatograms, are still quite controversial (Chin et al, 1994;Peuravuori and Pihlaja, 1997;Perminova et al, 1998;DeNobili and Chen 1999;Perminova 1999;Piccolo et al 1999;Kudryavtsev et al 2000;Perminova et al, 2003;Peuravuori and Pihlaja, 2004) etc. A recent study by Samburova et al (2005a) of WSOC extracted from urban aerosol from Zurich exemplifies this difficulty, displaying differences in estimated molecular size by nearly an order of magnitude as a function of the polymer standard applied.…”

Section: Size Exclusion Chromatography (Sec)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Atmospheric HULIS: How humic-like are they? A comprehensive and critical review

2006

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Abstract.A class of organic molecules extracted from atmospheric aerosol particles and isolated from fog and cloud water has been termed HUmic-LIke Substances (HULIS) due to a certain resemblance to terrestrial and aquatic humic and fulvic acids. In light of the interest that this class of atmospheric compounds currently attracts, we comprehensively review HULIS properties, as well as laboratory and field investigations concerning their formation and characterization in atmospheric samples. While sharing some important features such as polyacidic nature, accumulating evidence suggests that atmospheric HULIS differ substantially from terrestrial and aquatic humic substances. Major differences between HULIS and humic substances, including smaller average molecular weight, lower aromatic moiety content, greater surface activity, better droplet activation ability, as well as others, are highlighted. Several alternatives are proposed that may explain such differences: (1) the possibility that mono-and di-carboxylic acids and mineral acids abundant in the atmosphere prevent the formation of large humic "supramolecular associations"; (2) that large humic macromolecules are destroyed in the atmosphere by UV radiation, O 3 , and OH − radicals; 3) that "HULIS" actually consists of a complex, unresolved mixture of relatively small molecules rather than macromolecular entities; and (4) that HULIS formed via abiotic and short-lived oxidative reaction pathways differ substantially from humic substances formed over long time periods via biologically-mediated reactions. It should also be recalled that the vast majority of studies of HULIS relate to the water soluble fraction, which would include only the fulvic acid fraction of humic substances, and exclude the humic acid (base-soluble) and humin (insoluble) fractions of humic substances. A significant effort towards Correspondence to: E. R. Graber (ergraber@volcani.agri.gov.il) adopting standard extraction and characterization methods is required to develop a better and meaningful comparison between different HULIS samples.

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“…Humic substances, LMW organic acids, polysaccharides, proteins, and amphiphilic and hydrophobic organic substances were used for qualitative interpretations of chromatograms obtained with the DOM fractions. We calculated the apparent molecular size distribution after Perminkova et al (1998).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phototransformation of riverine dissolved organic matter (DOM) in the presence of abundant iron: Effect on DOM bioavailability

Kaiser

Sulzberger

2004

Limnology & Oceanography

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We conducted studies with high-molecular-weight (HMW) and low-molecular-weight (LMW), hydrophobic, and hydrophilic dissolved organic matter (DOM) from an oligotrophic alpine river, the Tagliamento River (Italy), to assess the effect of light on DOM utilization by riverine bacterioplankton. Immediately after the exposure of the DOM fractions to simulated or natural sunlight, short-term (1 h) bacterial utilization of all DOM fractions decreased by up to 80%, compared with the uptake of the corresponding nonirradiated fractions. The addition of scavengers suggests that reactive oxygen species caused this bacterial growth inhibition. After the long-term growth of bacteria on irradiated DOM, uptake was unchanged for HMW DOM, considerably lower for LMW and hydrophilic DOM, and much higher for hydrophobic DOM, compared with the nonirradiated fractions. These results suggest that the phototransformation of HMW, LMW, hydrophobic, and hydrophilic DOM results in contrasting effects on their bioavailability. Size-exclusion chromatography showed that bacteria preferably used the larger molecular sizes of all nonirradiated fractions. Light induced no significant shifts in the apparent molecular weight distribution of the four DOM fractions. However, the highly bioavailable LMW DOM (especially the portion ϳ5 kDa) was no longer taken up after irradiation. We conclude that light overall leads to a strong decrease in microbial DOM transformation during hydrological transport in the Tagliamento River.

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Development of a Predictive Model for Calculation of Molecular Weight of Humic Substances

Cited by 133 publications

References 8 publications

Estimation of Uptake of Humic Substances from Different Sources by Escherichia coli Cells under Optimum and Salt Stress Conditions by Use of Tritium-Labeled Humic Materials

Estimation of Uptake of Humic Substances from Different Sources by Escherichia coli Cells under Optimum and Salt Stress Conditions by Use of Tritium-Labeled Humic Materials

Atmospheric HULIS: How humic-like are they? A comprehensive and critical review

Phototransformation of riverine dissolved organic matter (DOM) in the presence of abundant iron: Effect on DOM bioavailability

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