Development of a recording water flow meter using ultrasonic measurement of water levels in a slotted U-pipe

Enamorado, Santiago M.; Hurtado, María del Pilar; Andreu, L.; Martínez, Francisco García; Sánchez, José Morales; Delgado, Antonio; Abril, J.M.

doi:10.1016/j.agwat.2006.10.003

Cited by 5 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…In 2005, six recording drainage meters of original design based on the ultrasonic measurement of water levels in a grooved U-pipe were installed to measure drain flow. The design, with three grooves of different width in a U-pipe, allowed precise flow measurements in the range 0-4 L s −1 , and the ultrasonic probe produced high temporal resolution records (Enamorado et al, 2007). The records of discharges enabled the construction of the drainage hydrograph for each drainage event and for the whole season.…”

Section: Soil and Water Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Drain flow and related salt losses as affected by phosphogypsum amendment in reclaimed marsh soils from SW Spain

Hurtado¹,

Enamorado²,

Andreu³

et al. 2011

Geoderma

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Section: Soil and Water Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Drain flow and related salt losses as affected by phosphogypsum amendment in reclaimed marsh soils from SW Spain

Hurtado¹,

Enamorado²,

Andreu³

et al. 2011

Geoderma

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“…In this study, a small-sized pan-evaporimeter for dynamic analysis of evaporative demand in a greenhouse was developed by applying a supersonic sensor, which has often been used to measure the water level exactly (e.g., Enamorado et al, 2007). Furthermore, its performance and validity were examined by analyzing the characteristics of the pan evaporation rate on an hourly basis and its relation with the environmental elements, in addition, leaf transpiration rate in a greenhouse.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of a supersonic pan-evaporimeter for dynamic analysis of evaporative demand in a greenhouse

Yasutake

Ishikawa

Mori

et al. 2011

J. Agric. Meteorol.

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A supersonic pan-evaporimeter was developed for performing dynamic analysis of evaporative demand in a greenhouse. The pan-evaporimeter comprises two parts: a small-sized cylindrical container (a diameter of 27 cm, a height of 15 cm) filled with water and a supersonic water-level detector. The pan evaporation rate (Epan) can be evaluated for an arbitrary time interval on the basis of the decrease in the water level due to evaporation from the pan-evaporimeter. The performance and validity of the panevaporimeter were examined by analyzing the characteristics of Epan on an hourly basis and its relation with the solar radiation, air temperature and humidity, wind speed, in addition, the transpiration rate of a tomato plant (Tr) in a greenhouse. A positive linear relationship was clearly obtained between the hourly Epan and the environmental elements, and then sensitivity of Epan to the environmental elements was revealed. Furthermore, a good correlation was found between the Epan and the Tr on hourly basis for one day. These results suggest that the developed pan-evaporimeter is a useful tool for analyzing the dynamics of evaporative demand and for estimating the transpiration rate in a greenhouse.

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“…where V is the propagation velocity of ultrasonic in water (m/s), in general case, is about 1500m/s, T is the water temperature (℃) and S is water Salinity (‰) [2] .…”

Section: Water Level Measurement By Ultrasonic Depth Findermentioning

confidence: 99%

Rating Curve Determination for a Cross-Section in Liangtanhe Irrigation District

Chang

Zhang

Wang

et al. 2013

AMR

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Continuous measurement of flow for a channel section is usually impractical or very expensive. However, stage can be observed continuously or at regular short time intervals with comparative ease and economy. In the paper, we measured the stage by ultrasonic finder and calculating discharge from velocity measured by current meter and channel size. According to the discharge and stage of the cross-section, we fitted the rating curve and further made the hypothesis test to verify the real relationship between stage and flow. This will help the local authority to decide the amount of water diverted from the reservoir to farmland and improve the irrigation efficiency.

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Development of a recording water flow meter using ultrasonic measurement of water levels in a slotted U-pipe

Cited by 5 publications

References 11 publications

Drain flow and related salt losses as affected by phosphogypsum amendment in reclaimed marsh soils from SW Spain

Drain flow and related salt losses as affected by phosphogypsum amendment in reclaimed marsh soils from SW Spain

Development of a supersonic pan-evaporimeter for dynamic analysis of evaporative demand in a greenhouse

Rating Curve Determination for a Cross-Section in Liangtanhe Irrigation District

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