“…The assessment of the heavy metal bioavailability is a hot topic in the research of WCBs. Table 2 summarizes the studies that applied WCB technology to detect various heavy metals such as (van Genuchten et al, 2018), Cr (Kim et al, 2020), Cd (Hui et al, 2021), copper (Cu) (Pang et al, 2020), mercury (Hg) (He et al, 2018), antimony (Sb) (Kim et al, 2020), Pb , silver (Ag) (Hurtado-Gallego et al, 2019a), iron (Fe) Frontiers in Chemistry frontiersin.org (Blanco-Ameijeiras et al, 2019), titanium (Ti) (Hurtado-Gallego et al, 2019a), zinc (Zn) (Kim et al, 2020), cobalt (Co.) (Martin-Betancor et al, 2017), and nickel (Ni) (Cayron et al, 2017). Different WCBs may have different sensitivities for the same metal.…”