Development of a stereo-optical camera system for monitoring tidal turbines

Joslin, James; Polagye, Brian; Parker‐Stetter, Sandra L.

doi:10.1117/1.jrs.8.083633

Cited by 3 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…Field Deployment Configuration Figure 1 illustrates the stereooptical camera system developed for monitoring marine renewable energy converters ( Joslin et al, 2014a). The integrated system combines two Allied Vision Technologies Manta G-201 machine vision optical cameras, four Excelitas Technologies MVS-5000 strobes, and the supporting power and communications infrastructure to cable the system to a shore station.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Optical camera observations have been proposed to inform a number of critical environmental questions (Polagye et al, 2014), and the shore cables for the energy converters provide sufficient power and data bandwidth to support high-resolution optical measurements over extended periods. This paper discusses the implementation of biofouling mitigation measures on the optical ports of a camera system developed for long-term monitoring of marine energy converters (Joslin et al, 2014a). This system will be recovered periodically for maintenance (Joslin et al, 2013), and it is expected that optical port fouling will be the limiting factor for the interval between maintenance.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Demonstration of Biofouling Mitigation Methods for Long-Term Deployments of Optical Cameras

Joslin

Polagye

2015

mar technol soc j

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Biofouling mitigation measures for optical ports can extend the duration of oceanographic deployments, but there have been few quantitative studies of field performance. Results are presented from a 4-month field test of a stereo-optical camera system intended for long-term environmental monitoring of tidal turbines. A combination of passive (copper rings and ClearSignal antifouling coating) and active (mechanical wipers) biofouling mitigation measures are implemented on the optical ports of the two cameras and four strobe illuminators. Biofouling on the optical ports is monitored qualitatively by periodic diver inspections and quantitatively by metrics describing the quality of the images captured by cameras with different antifouling treatments. During deployment, barnacles colonized almost every surface of the camera system, except the optical ports with fouling mitigation measures. The effectiveness of the biofouling mitigation measures suggests that 4-month deployment durations are possible, even during conditions that would otherwise lead to severe fouling and occlusion of optical ports.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Demonstration of Biofouling Mitigation Methods for Long-Term Deployments of Optical Cameras

Joslin

Polagye

2015

mar technol soc j

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“…Furthermore, maximizing the localizing hydrophone array's baseline extends the practical bandwidth to lower frequencies and can increase location resolution and accuracy [25,26]. For stereo-optical cameras with a target range less than 10 m, baseline separation between the cameras of at least 0.4 m is recommended, as is a camera-light separation of 0.4 m to limit optical backscatter [27,28]. These requirements motivate larger physical dimensions, which conflicts with the operational challenges of working at a marine energy site that motivate the most compact arrangement possible.…”

Section: Sensor Hardwarementioning

confidence: 99%

Adaptable Monitoring Package Development and Deployment: Lessons Learned for Integrated Instrumentation at Marine Energy Sites

Polagye

Joslin

Murphy

et al. 2020

JMSE

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Integrated instrumentation packages are an attractive option for environmental and ecological monitoring at marine energy sites, as they can support a range of sensors in a form factor compact enough for the operational constraints posed by energetic waves and currents. Here we present details of the architecture and performance for one such system—the Adaptable Monitoring Package—which supports active acoustic, passive acoustic, and optical sensing to quantify the physical environment and animal presence at marine energy sites. we describe cabled and autonomous deployments and contrast the relatively limited system capabilities in an autonomous operating mode with more expansive capabilities, including real-time data processing, afforded by shore power or in situ power harvesting from waves. Across these deployments, we describe sensor performance, outcomes for biological target classification algorithms using data from multibeam sonars and optical cameras, and the effectiveness of measures to limit biofouling and corrosion. On the basis of these experiences, we discuss the demonstrated requirements for integrated instrumentation, possible operational concepts for monitoring the environmental and ecological effects of marine energy converters using such systems, and the engineering trade-offs inherent in their development. Overall, we find that integrated instrumentation can provide powerful capabilities for observing rare events, managing the volume of data collected, and mitigating potential bias to marine animal behavior. These capabilities may be as relevant to the broader oceanographic community as they are to the emerging marine energy sector.

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“…More widely, such an approach would complement the range of available technologies for detecting and tracking other species, such as fish or seabirds, and extends the capacity for multispecies environmental monitoring around tidal turbines (Joslin, Polagye, & Parker-Stetter, 2014;Viehman & Zydlewski, 2017;Williamson et al, 2016;Williamson et al, 2017). More widely, such an approach would complement the range of available technologies for detecting and tracking other species, such as fish or seabirds, and extends the capacity for multispecies environmental monitoring around tidal turbines (Joslin, Polagye, & Parker-Stetter, 2014;Viehman & Zydlewski, 2017;Williamson et al, 2016;Williamson et al, 2017).…”

Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 99%

“…This would effectively provide the best coverage of the turbine and the water column in both the upstream and downstream directions and would likely maximize the data available for effective detection, classification, and tracking. More widely, such an approach would complement the range of available technologies for detecting and tracking other species, such as fish or seabirds, and extends the capacity for multispecies environmental monitoring around tidal turbines (Joslin, Polagye, & Parker-Stetter, 2014;Viehman & Zydlewski, 2017;Williamson et al, 2016;Williamson et al, 2017). The application of these technologies alongside operational tidal turbines is clearly now required to provide information on the movements of seals around tidal turbines and quantify the true environmental risks posed by tidal turbine developments.…”

Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 99%

Automated detection and tracking of marine mammals: A novel sonar tool for monitoring effects of marine industry

Hastie

Moss

et al. 2019

Aquatic Conservation

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1. Many marine industries may pose acute risks to marine wildlife. For example, tidal turbines have the potential to injure or kill marine mammals through collisions with turbine blades. However, the quantification of collision risk is currently limited by a lack of suitable technologies to collect long-term data on marine mammal behaviour around tidal turbines.2. Sonar provides a potential means of tracking marine mammals around tidal turbines. However, its effectiveness for long-term data collection is hindered by the large data volumes and the need for manual validation of detections. Therefore, the aim here was to develop and test automated classification algorithms for marine mammals in sonar data.3. Data on the movements of harbour seals were collected in a tidally energetic environment using a high-frequency multibeam sonar on a custom designed seabedmounted platform. The study area was monitored by observers to provide visual validation of seals and other targets detected by the sonar.4. Sixty-five confirmed seals and 96 other targets were detected by the sonar. Movement and shape parameters associated with each target were extracted and used to develop a series of classification algorithms. Kernel support vector machines were used to classify targets (seal vs. nonseal) and cross-validation analyses were carried out to quantify classifier efficiency.5. The best-fit kernel support vector machine correctly classified all the confirmed seals but misclassified a small percentage of non-seal targets (~8%) as seals. Shape and non-spectral movement parameters were considered to be the most important in achieving successful classification.6. Results indicate that sonar is an effective method for detecting and tracking seals in tidal environments, and the automated classification approach developed here provides a key tool that could be applied to collecting long-term behavioural data around anthropogenic activities such as tidal turbines.

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Development of a stereo-optical camera system for monitoring tidal turbines

Cited by 3 publications

References 19 publications

Demonstration of Biofouling Mitigation Methods for Long-Term Deployments of Optical Cameras

Demonstration of Biofouling Mitigation Methods for Long-Term Deployments of Optical Cameras

Adaptable Monitoring Package Development and Deployment: Lessons Learned for Integrated Instrumentation at Marine Energy Sites

Automated detection and tracking of marine mammals: A novel sonar tool for monitoring effects of marine industry

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