Development of a three-dimensional model of the human respiratory system for dosimetric use

Rowe, Jacky A Rosati; Burton, Ray; McGregor, George; McCauley, Rob; Tang, Wei; Spencer, Richard M.

doi:10.1186/1742-4682-10-28

Cited by 6 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…Compared to the coupling method applied on detached airway geometries [41], this model is able to simulate transient breathing scenarios. Recently, similar models have also been developed [44,45].…”

Section: Coupling Methods With Single-path or Multiple-path Lung Airwmentioning

confidence: 99%

Computational Fluid-Particle Dynamics Modeling for Unconventional Inhaled Aerosols in Human Respiratory Systems

Feng¹,

Xu²,

Haghnegahdar³

2016

Aerosols - Science and Case Studies

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The awareness is growing of health hazards and pharmaceutical benefits of micro-/ nano-aerosol particles which are mostly nonspherical and hygroscopic, and categorized as "unconventional" vs. solid spheres. Accurate and realistic numerical models will significantly contribute to answering public health questions. In this chapter, fundamentals and future trends of computational fluid-particle dynamics (CFPD) models for lung aerosol dynamics are discussed, emphasizing the underlying physics to simulate unconventional inhaled aerosols such as fibers, droplets, and vapors. Standard simulation procedures are presented, including reconstruction of the human respiratory system, CFPD model formulation, finite-volume mesh generation, etc. Case studies for fiber and droplet transport and deposition in lung are also provided. Furthermore, challenges and future directions are discussed to develop next-generation models. The ultimate goal is to establish a roadmap to link different numerical models, and to build the framework of a new multiscale numerical model, which will extend exposure and lung deposition predictions to health endpoints, e.g., tissue and delivered doses, by calculating absorption and translocation into alveolar regions and systemic regions using discrete element method (DEM), lattice Boltzmann method (LBM), and/or physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) models. It will enable simulations of extremely complex airflow-vapor-particle-structure dynamics in the entire human respiratory system at detailed levels.

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Section: Coupling Methods With Single-path or Multiple-path Lung Airwmentioning

confidence: 99%

Computational Fluid-Particle Dynamics Modeling for Unconventional Inhaled Aerosols in Human Respiratory Systems

Feng¹,

Xu²,

Haghnegahdar³

2016

Aerosols - Science and Case Studies

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“…It also depends on explanation and interpretation, discussion and collaborative learning, and detailed expansionist thinking, makes learning meaningful and helps correct understanding errors, and provides the student with several different ways of evaluation. Morphologically realistic model of the human respiratory tract from the nares to the alveoli has been developed that simulates inhalation, deposition, and exhalation of contaminants (Rosati, 2013).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Next Generation Science Standard in Science Learning to Improve Student’s Practice Skill

Rachmawati¹,

Prodjosantoso²,

Wilujeng³

2019

INT J INSTRUCTION

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The Next Generation Science Standard (NGSS) is an educational standard used in the United States. It is also used in Indonesia because it has characteristics similar to Curriculum 2013, which is used today. This standard is adapted in science learning because it is expected to easily measure students' processing skills in a specific theme. Science learning by a process must be measured by students' specific skills and comprehension. This study aims to reveal the feasibility of NGSS-oriented science learning tools. The tools are lesson plans, science worksheets, and assessments of the developing and using model skills through observation. To improve the skill of developing and using models using NGSSoriented learning tools, we made quasi-experiment with one experiment and one control group. The developing and using models skill data were obtained by an observer through an observation sheet during the science learning process. The obtained data is further analysed to obtain a score which showed that the developing and using models skill of the experimental class, i.e., 3.69 is higher than that that of the control class, i.e., 1.58. The results include the validation of NGSS-oriented learning tools scored by experts, science teachers, and students in preliminary field testing.

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“…Modeling of the lungs has become an important tool for both diagnostic [ 1 – 4 ] and research [ 5 – 11 ] purposes. Functional features of the lung such as airway compliance or distensibility [ 12 – 15 ], resistance [ 9 , 12 , 16 – 21 ], aerosol deposition [ 5 , 9 , 22 – 27 ] and ventilation distribution [ 10 , 19 , 26 , 28 – 32 ] computations are frequently made using a combination of medical images and the utilization of such models.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of disease and respiration on airway shape in patients with moderate persistent asthma

et al. 2017

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Computational models of gas transport and aerosol deposition frequently utilize idealized models of bronchial tree structure, where airways are considered a network of bifurcating cylinders. However, changes in the shape of the lung during respiration affect the geometry of the airways, especially in disease conditions. In this study, the internal airway geometry was examined, concentrating on comparisons between mean lung volume (MLV) and total lung capacity (TLC). A set of High Resolution CT images were acquired during breath hold on a group of moderate persistent asthmatics at MLV and TLC after challenge with a broncho-constrictor (methacholine) and the airway trees were segmented and measured. The airway hydraulic diameter (Dh) was calculated through the use of average lumen area (Ai) and average internal perimeter (Pi) at both lung volumes and was found to be systematically higher at TLC by 13.5±9% on average, with the lower lobes displaying higher percent change in comparison to the lower lobes. The average internal diameter (Din) was evaluated to be 12.4±6.8% (MLV) and 10.8±6.3% (TLC) lower than the Dh, for all the examined bronchi, a result displaying statistical significance. Finally, the airway distensibility per bronchial segment and per generation was calculated to have an average value of 0.45±0.28, exhibiting high variability both between and within lung regions and generations. Mixed constriction/dilation patterns were recorded between the lung volumes, where a number of airways either failed to dilate or even constricted when observed at TLC. We conclude that the Dh is higher than Din, a fact that may have considerable effects on bronchial resistance or airway loss at proximal regions. Differences in caliber changes between lung regions are indicative of asthma-expression variability in the lung. However, airway distensibility at generation 3 seems to predict distensibility more distally.

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Development of a three-dimensional model of the human respiratory system for dosimetric use

Cited by 6 publications

References 10 publications

Computational Fluid-Particle Dynamics Modeling for Unconventional Inhaled Aerosols in Human Respiratory Systems

Computational Fluid-Particle Dynamics Modeling for Unconventional Inhaled Aerosols in Human Respiratory Systems

Next Generation Science Standard in Science Learning to Improve Student’s Practice Skill

The effect of disease and respiration on airway shape in patients with moderate persistent asthma

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