Development of a treatment for water contaminated with Cr (VI) using cellulose xanthogenate from E. crassipes on a pilot scale

Abstract

Water care is an imperative duty in industries with effluents loaded with pollutants such as heavy metals, especially chromium (VI), extremely dangerous for humans and the environment. One way of treating water is possible through a continuous system with dry and crushed vegetable biomass of cellulose xanthogenate because it can adsorb heavy metals, especially due to its low production costs. Through continuous systems and with the waste of PET plastics, it is possible to develop a water treatment process adapting this system and biomass. The objective of this research is the development of a treatment for water contaminated with Cr (VI) using cellulose xanthogenate from E. crassipes on a pilot scale. Where a mass balance conducted to determine the adsorption capacity of this heavy metal, corroborating it through the Thomas model. The treatment process eliminated around 95% of Cr (VI) present in the water, in addition, biomass reuse cycles carried out, which maintained a considerable adsorption capacity in all the cycles conducted through EDTA reagent.

The Design of a Sustainable Industrial Wastewater Treatment System and The Generation of Biohydrogen from E. crassipes

“…As a result of this adjustment, we can use Model (1) for adsorption capacities. For comparison, we also used Carreño's model (2) and found that the adsorption capacities for Cr (VI) and Pb (II) were 10 mg/g and 18 mg/g, respectively. Equations ( 1) and ( 2) relate the volume of water to the amount of biomass used.…”

“…The model is correlated with the Langmuir isotherm. The Carreño model is used to determine the design parameters of this type of system [1][2][3][4][5], in the Table 1, is the Adsorption models.…”

“…The presence of hydroxyl (OH) and carboxyl (COOH) groups facilitates cation exchange with heavy metals. These groups were evidenced using FTIR tests [1][2][3][4][5][6]. Continuous treatment systems with fixed biomass have been used to purify water by exposing it to cellulose.…”

The Design of a Process for Adsorbing and Eluting Chromium (VI) Using Fixed-Bed Columns of E. crassipes with Sodium Tripolyphosphate (TPP)

“…The presence of hydroxyl (OH) and carboxylic (COOH) groups in cellulose leads to the removal of heavy metals by adsorption through cation exchange or chemical mechanisms [17,18]. This cellulose is found in considerable amounts within the aquatic plant E. crassipes [19][20][21][22], which is abundant in tropical environments due to its dry biomass resulting from regular cleaning in the wetlands, lagoons, and rivers of Bogotá D.C. [23,24].…”

“…The biomass of E. crassipes, without any modification, could treat around 2 L of this same water[1], but with the addition of PPT better yields of up to more than two liters more water could be achieved. The addition of chemical agents to this type of biomass also improved the treatment yields, such is the case of the xanthate biomass of E. crassipes, where around 3.5 L of contaminated water was treated under the same concentrations[20]. The addition of PPT achieved better yields due to the expansion of active sites in the EC biomass[29][30][31].Analysis of Reliability.…”