Development of a Viral-Like Particle Candidate Vaccine Against Novel Variant Infectious Bursal Disease Virus

Abstract

Infectious bursal disease (IBD), an immunosuppressive disease of young chickens, is caused by infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV). Novel variant IBDV (nVarIBDV), a virus that can evade immune protection against very virulent IBDV (vvIBDV), is becoming a threat to the poultry industry. Therefore, nVarIBDV-specific vaccine is much needed for nVarIBDV control. In this study, the VP2 protein of SHG19 (a representative strain of nVarIBDV) was successfully expressed using an Escherichia coli expression system and further purified via ammonium sulfate precipitation and size-exclusion chromatography. The purified protein SHG19-VP2-466 could self-assemble into 25-nm virus-like particle (VLP). Subsequently, the immunogenicity and protective effect of the SHG19-VLP vaccine were evaluated using animal experiments, which indicated that the SHG19-VLP vaccine elicited neutralization antibodies and provided 100% protection against the nVarIBDV. Furthermore, the protective efficacy of the SHG19-VLP vaccine against the vvIBDV was evaluated. Although the SHG19-VLP vaccine induced a comparatively lower vvIBDV-specific neutralization antibody titer, it provided good protection against the lethal vvIBDV. In summary, the SHG19-VLP candidate vaccine could provide complete immune protection against the homologous nVarIBDV as well as the heterologous vvIBDV. This study is of significance to the comprehensive prevention and control of the recent atypical IBD epidemic.

Adjuvanticity of sliver nanoparticles with Infectious bursal disease virus VP2 protein and its effect on humoral immune response in chickens

“…Wang et al reported that the IBDV SH619-VLP vaccine induced comparatively lower antibody titers than the commercial vaccine [33]. Our ndings also demonstrated signi cantly high IgY titers after two weeks of vaccination.…”

“…Therefore, the IBDV major capsid protein VP2 is utilized for developing diagnostics and novel subunit vaccines [12,14]. Recent studies used Escherichia coli [7,33], Lactococcus lactis [34], and plant [14] expression systems to express IBDV rVP2 based virus-like particles and had a molecular mass of more than 40 kDa. This study elaborated the diagnostic and immunogenic potential of a truncated 19 kDa rVP2 protein.…”

A Single Vaccination of IBDV Subviral Particles Generated by Kluyveromyces marxianus Efficiently Protects Chickens against Novel Variant and Classical IBDV Strains

“…However, another study showed that commercial vvIBDV vaccines provide only 50% protection against nvIBDV [32]. It seems that broad crossprotection of nvIBDV vaccines is provided by its universal neutralizing epitopes [31]. Nevertheless, its cross-neutralizing activity was not high against vvIBDV genotypes after immunization by nvIBDV vaccine.…”

“…Given that multiple IBDV genotypes are epidemic in China simultaneously, crossprotection is a particularly important factor in the vaccine development [30]. A recent study showed that the recombinant nvIBDV VP2 (466 aa) protein expressed by E. coli provides 100% protection against both nvIBDV and vvIBDV genotypes [31]. The results are encouraging, but whether the nvIBDV vaccine can provide cross-protection against genotypes other than vvIBDV remains to be studied.…”

Dynamics of the Emerging Genogroup of Infectious Bursal Disease Virus Infection in Broiler Farms in South Korea: A Nationwide Study

“…This finding correlated with the fact that G2 variants were isolated from poultry flocks immunized with commercial intermediate vaccines [ 14 , 19 , 35 , 36 ]. Several attempts to developing vaccine candidates against G2d variants has been done [ 37 , 38 ]. Moreover, some commercial recombinant vaccines have been reported to induce protection against a wide range of IBDV strains, including G2 variants [ 39 ].…”