Development of ADL index for healthy older persons : proposal of useful ADL items and their scales

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to propose useful activities of daily living(ADLs)and scales for es − timating ADL ability in healthy older persons ． The subjects were 210001der persons ． A total of 130 items for 57 ADLs were selected from the following 4 domains： 10comotion ， rnanipulation ， stabnity ， and posture − change ． The achievenlent rate for each item was calculated ． First ， 15 more useful AI)Ls， consisting of 45 items ， were selected to estimate ADL ability based on the multiple scale ， considering the achievement rate and interrelationship of each item ， and physical 且tness domains related Inainly to achievement of the ADL ． Second， the scales of 15 ADLs were modified after examining the differ − ence between practical achievelnent rates and the theoretical structure of the scale from the view − points of size and approxirnation of the achievement rate ． Third ， useful ADLs and their scales were proposed based on the analysis and theoretical vahdity ． As a result ， the following 15ADLs were select − ed ； In the locomotion domain， jumping across a ditch ， walking ， ning ， going up and down stairs ， go 血 g up and down bus steps ， transfer ， and jumping ；in the manipulation domain， taking bedding in

QOL Models Constructed for the Community-dwelling Elderly with ikigai (purpose in life) as a Composition Factor, and the Effect of Habitual Exercise

“…The ADL questionnaire was used to assess ADL (Sato et al, 2000). Its validity and reliability are being examined.…”

“…QOL Models for the Elderly with Purpose in Life and the Effect of Habitual Exercise were requested to select one from among three options for each question. Scoring depended on predetermined rules (Sato et al, 2000). Questions concerning self-evaluation of physical fitness and health were as follows (numbers in parentheses indicate scores given to individual categories).…”

Effects of Mild and Severe Knee Joint Pain on Various Activities of Daily Living in the Female Elderly

“…This survey consists of four domains: locomotion (walking, running, jumping across a ditch, ascending and descending stairs, and convey), posture change (sitting up and standing up from the floor), stability (standing on one foot with eyes open, standing in a bus or a train, and dressing while standing), and manipulation (buttoning a shirt and placing a Japanese mattress into and removing it out of a closet), and the degree of achievement of ADLs required for independent life was evaluated according to these 12 items [4, 5]. Each item consisted of three different difficulty levels, with subjects selecting the appropriate level for each ADL item.…”

“…Demura and Sato [3] reported that the ability to live independently should be assessed in the elderly. In addition, Sato et al [4] reported that the ability to achieve activities of daily living (ADLs), rather than the ability to perform physical functions at maximum exertion, should be assessed for the elderly. In brief, it is important for the elderly to retain the ability to achieve ADLs at above a certain level to maintain an independent daily life [4, 5].…”

Evaluating the effects of pain and disorders of the knee joint on knee extension strength and daily life activities in the female elderly

“…The ADL consists of four domains: locomotion, manipulation, stability, and posture change [23,24]; the ability to perform these motions is important for the elderly to maintain an independent daily life. Manipulation motions mainly use the upper limbs, but the other three motions are significantly affected by movements of the knee joint.…”