Development of Aluminum Nitrate Nonahydrate and Optimization of Various Reaction Parameters

Shaheen, Fadia; Shah, Wajid Ali; Irfan, Muhammad; Rana, Bakht Bahadur; Farooq, Muhammad; Mirza, Misbah

doi:10.1007/s13369-012-0396-x

Cited by 6 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…From the TGA curves E and F in Figure 15, it can be seen that the silicone rubber had been greatly changed after immersion in nitric acid solution of high concentration (1 mol/L and 2 mol/L). As discussed in the FTIR analysis of Section 4.5, the nitric acid will react with the ATH and form aluminum nitrate [27]. In turn the aluminum nitrate will transform into aluminum nitrate hydrate after crystallization [27].…”

Section: Tga Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

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Investigation on permeation properties of liquids into HTV silicone rubber materials

Gao

Wang

Liang

et al. 2014

IEEE Trans. Dielect. Electr. Insul.

107

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In this paper, the permeation properties of three types of liquids into HTV silicone rubber with different Alumina Tri-hydrate (ATH) contents had been investigated by weight gain experiments. The influence of differing exposure conditions on the diffusion into silicone rubber, in particular the effect of solution type, solution concentration, and test temperature were explored. Experimental results indicated that the liquids permeation into silicone rubber obeyed anomalous diffusion ways instead of the Fick diffusion model. Moreover, higher temperature would accelerate the permeation process, and silicone rubber with higher ATH content absorbed more liquids than that with lower ATH content. Furthermore, the material properties of silicone rubber before and after liquid permeation were examined using Fourier infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM), respectively. The permeation mechanisms and process were discussed in depth by combining the weight gain experiment results and the material properties analyses.

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Section: Tga Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As discussed in the FTIR analysis of Section 4.5, the nitric acid will react with the ATH and form aluminum nitrate [27]. In turn the aluminum nitrate will transform into aluminum nitrate hydrate after crystallization [27]. According to [20], the dehydration of aluminum nitrate hydrate occurs at about 130 o C .…”

Section: Tga Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation on permeation properties of liquids into HTV silicone rubber materials

Gao

Wang

Liang

et al. 2014

IEEE Trans. Dielect. Electr. Insul.

107

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“…However, the same valence and coordination structure and approximate covalent radius (Al 3+ 0.53 Å and Fe 3+ 0.55 Å) of Al 3+ and Fe 3+ may lead to the substitution and cocrystallization of the two cations. Besides, a certain amount of Fe 3+ adsorption is unavoidable due to the relatively large surface area of crystallized Al(NO 3 ) 3 ·9H 2 O …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Besides, a certain amount of Fe 3+ adsorption is unavoidable due to the relatively large surface area of crystallized Al(NO 3 ) 3 •9H 2 O. 34…”

Section: Solubility and Density Ofmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phase Diagram of the Al(NO₃)₃–Fe(NO₃)₃–H₂O(−HNO₃) System and Its Application in the Separation of Al³⁺ and Fe³⁺

Shi

Shao

et al. 2023

J. Chem. Eng. Data

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An original technology named HNO3 pressure leaching has been proposed by our team to leach Al from coal gangue and fly ash. Although the preliminary separation of Al and Fe had been achieved during leaching, a small amount of Fe impurity was still unavoidably dissolved into the leach liquor. To obtain pure Al2O3 during subsequent pyrolysis, it is imperative to synchronously remove Fe3+ during the crystallization of Al(NO3)3·9H2O. Herein, the phase equilibria of the Al(NO3)3–Fe(NO3)3–H2O(−HNO3) system at 25–40 °C and 0–8.12 mol kg–1 of HNO3 molality were investigated. The results indicated that the ternary system was a simple cosaturated type consisting of an immutable point, two univariate curves, and two crystallization regions. Notably, the solubility and crystallization region of Al(NO3)3·9H2O were barely impacted by acidity, while the opposite was true for Fe(NO3)3·9H2O. This finding was instructive for the crystallization of Fe(NO3)3·9H2O from the liquor with high Fe and low Al. Moreover, a high crystallization yield could be obtained at low temperatures. Finally, an appropriate crystallization procedure was provided. This study is expected to provide basic data and theoretical support for the crystallization and separation of mixed nitrates containing Al and Fe.

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“…This provides evidence for the introduction of nitric acid to the PDMS [27]. These peaks represent the formation of aluminum nitrites which are introduced because of the reaction of alumina trihydrate with the nitric acid giving rise to the aluminum nitrite nonahydrate [28]. The inset A2, A3 in the Figure 6a indicates the formation of the aluminum nitrite and the reduction in Si-O-Si.…”

Section: Ftir Analysismentioning

confidence: 90%

Corona degradation of the polymer insulator samples under different fog conditions

Reddy

2016

IEEE Trans. Dielect. Electr. Insul.

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Corona discharges resulting from the metal parts of insulators and the line hardware affect the long term performance of the polymeric insulators used for outdoor application and can lead to its eventual failure. The authors previous work, involved in developing a new methodology to evaluate the performance of polymeric shed materials subjected to corona stresses in the presence of natural fog condition, results revealed more surface hydroxylation thereby resulting in more loss of hydropobhicity. With the increase in industrialization, there is an increase in acidic component of the rain as well as the fog (moisture). The present work, reports the effect of acid fog on the corona performance of the polymeric insulators for both AC and DC excitation, interesting results are obtained. A comparison of the experimental investigations revealed that the acidic fog has more effect than that of the normal fog. This fact has been confirmed by physico-chemical analysis like the scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and contact angle measurement. The effect of DC corona is found to be lesser in comparison with the AC; however the hydroxylation induced by the DC corona under the presence of fog is similar with that of AC excitation.Index Terms -acidic fog, Corona, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, moisture, silicone rubber, surface oxidation, leakage current.

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Development of Aluminum Nitrate Nonahydrate and Optimization of Various Reaction Parameters

Cited by 6 publications

References 3 publications

Investigation on permeation properties of liquids into HTV silicone rubber materials

Investigation on permeation properties of liquids into HTV silicone rubber materials

Phase Diagram of the Al(NO₃)₃–Fe(NO₃)₃–H₂O(−HNO₃) System and Its Application in the Separation of Al³⁺ and Fe³⁺

Corona degradation of the polymer insulator samples under different fog conditions

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Development of Aluminum Nitrate Nonahydrate and Optimization of Various Reaction Parameters

Cited by 6 publications

References 3 publications

Investigation on permeation properties of liquids into HTV silicone rubber materials

Investigation on permeation properties of liquids into HTV silicone rubber materials

Phase Diagram of the Al(NO3)3–Fe(NO3)3–H2O(−HNO3) System and Its Application in the Separation of Al3+ and Fe3+

Corona degradation of the polymer insulator samples under different fog conditions

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Phase Diagram of the Al(NO₃)₃–Fe(NO₃)₃–H₂O(−HNO₃) System and Its Application in the Separation of Al³⁺ and Fe³⁺