Development of an atom gravimeter and status of the 10-meter atom interferometer for precision gravity measurement

Zhou, Lin; Xiong, Zhuang; Yang, Wenjun; Tang, Biao; Peng, Wencui; Hao, Kai; Li, R. B.; Liu, M.; Wang, J.; Zhan, Min

doi:10.1007/s10714-011-1167-9

Cited by 109 publications

(76 citation statements)

References 25 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Furthermore, a detailed study of the noise budget for a realistic detector is mandatory to have a reliable comparison between optical and atom interferometers. Florence-Urbino group, among others [35][36][37], is developing a facility as a preliminary fundamental step to test the feasibility of this new GW detector.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Principles of Gravitational Waves Detection Through Atom Interferometry

Vetrano

Guidi

Viceré

et al. 2013

Int. J. Mod. Phys. Conf. Ser.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The output of a simple Mach-Zehnder atom interferometer (with light field beam splitters) is studied in order to obtain sensitivity curves for GW signals in the paraxial approximation by using the ABCD matrices techniques and first order perturbation theory for mirroratom interaction; order of magnitude of relevant physical parameters for a realistic GW detector through atom interferometry is deduced, both for single-and coupled-interferometers configurations. Finally a synthetic overview of ongoing activities of the Florence-Urbino group in this field is presented.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Principles of Gravitational Waves Detection Through Atom Interferometry

Vetrano

Guidi

Viceré

et al. 2013

Int. J. Mod. Phys. Conf. Ser.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…State of the art atom interferometers are limited by several engineering boundaries. T is limited by the free-fall time in atomic fountains, which are now as high as 10 m [17,18]. Multiphoton interactions can increase the recoil momentum to a multiple nhk of the single photon recoil [19][20][21][22][23] but are limited by the available laser power (e.g.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Atom Interferometry in an Optical Cavity

et al. 2015

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

We propose and demonstrate a new scheme for atom interferometry, using light pulses inside an optical cavity as matter wave beamsplitters. The cavity provides power enhancement, spatial filtering, and a precise beam geometry, enabling new techniques such as low power beamsplitters (< 100 µW), large momentum transfer beamsplitters with modest power, or new self-aligned interferometer geometries utilizing the transverse modes of the optical cavity. As a first demonstration, we obtain Ramsey-Raman fringes with > 75% contrast and measure the acceleration due to gravity, g, to 60 µg/ √ Hz resolution in a Mach-Zehnder geometry. We use > 10 7 cesium atoms in the compact mode volume (600 µm 1/e 2 waist) of the cavity and show trapping of atoms in higher transverse modes. This work paves the way toward compact, high sensitivity, multi-axis interferometry.In a light-pulse atom interferometer, recoils from photon-atom interactions are used to split and interfere matter waves (see Fig. 1). These interferometers have been used to measure the gravitational acceleration g [1], rotation Ω [2], gravity gradients [3], the fine structure constant [4], Newton's gravitational constant [5,6], and absolute masses in a proposed revision of the SI [7,8]; to test Einstein's equivalence principle [9][10][11][12]; and have been proposed to measure the free fall of antimatter [13] and to detect gravitational waves [14][15][16]. The sensitivity of a conventional Mach-Zehnder interferometer increases with the measured phase difference(1) (where v 0 is the initial velocity of the atom), which scales with the pulse separation time T and the recoil momentum p =h k eff , where k eff is the effective wavenumber of the photons. State of the art atom interferometers are limited by several engineering boundaries. T is limited by the free-fall time in atomic fountains, which are now as high as 10 m [17,18]. Multiphoton interactions can increase the recoil momentum to a multiple nhk of the single photon recoil [19][20][21][22][23] but are limited by the available laser power (e.g. 6 W in [24], 43 W in [25]). Finally, wavefront distortions spread the local wavevector around its mean, lowering interference contrast and reducing both sensitivity and accuracy. An optical cavity can solve these problems by providing spatial filtering to clean the wavefronts and enhancing laser intensity. However, running an atom interferometer inside an optical cavity presents challenges in keeping the atoms in the relatively small cavity mode volume and having multiple laser frequencies (needed due to recoil frequency shifts, Doppler shifts, and atomic structure) simultaneously resonant with the cavity. Here, we present a cesium atom interferometer inside an in-vacuum optical cavity and demonstrate gravity measurements using less than 100µW of laser power incident on the cavity.The use of an optical cavity has many advantages. First, laser power limits interferometers using both large momentum transfer beamsplitters and optical lattices. is modulated at the hyperfine frequ...

show abstract

“…State of the art atom interferometers are limited by several engineering boundaries. T is limited by the free-fall time in atomic fountains, which are now as high as 10 m [17,18]. Multiphoton interactions can increase the recoil momentum to a multiple nℏk of the single photon recoil [19][20][21][22][23] but are limited by the available laser power (e.g., 6 W in [24], 43 W in [25]).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

More Power to Atom Interferometry

Cronin

Trubko²

2015

Physics

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

We propose and demonstrate a new scheme for atom interferometry, using light pulses inside an optical cavity as matter wave beam splitters. The cavity provides power enhancement, spatial filtering, and a precise beam geometry, enabling new techniques such as low power beam splitters (< 100 μW), large momentum transfer beam splitters with modest power, or new self-aligned interferometer geometries utilizing the transverse modes of the optical cavity. As a first demonstration, we obtain Ramsey-Raman fringes with > 75% contrast and measure the acceleration due to gravity, g, to 60 μg= ffiffiffiffiffiffi Hz p resolution in a Mach-Zehnder geometry. We use > 10 7 cesium atoms in the compact mode volume (600 μm 1=e 2 waist) of the cavity and show trapping of atoms in higher transverse modes. This work paves the way toward compact, high sensitivity, multiaxis interferometry. DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.114.100405 PACS numbers: 03.75.Dg, 06.30.Gv, 37.25.+k, 37.30.+i In a light-pulse atom interferometer, recoils from photonatom interactions are used to split and interfere matter waves (see Fig. 1). These interferometers have been used to measure the gravitational accelerationg [1], rotationΩ [2], gravity gradients [3], the fine structure constant [4], Newton's gravitational constant [5,6], and absolute masses in a proposed revision of the SI [7,8], to test Einstein's equivalence principle [9][10][11][12], and have been proposed to measure the free fall of antimatter [13] and to detect gravitational waves [14][15][16]. The sensitivity of a conventional Mach-Zehnder interferometer increases with the measured phase difference(whereṽ 0 is the initial velocity of the atom), which scales with the pulse separation time T and the recoil momentum p ¼ ℏk eff , wherek eff is the effective wave number of the photons. State of the art atom interferometers are limited by several engineering boundaries. T is limited by the free-fall time in atomic fountains, which are now as high as 10 m [17,18]. Multiphoton interactions can increase the recoil momentum to a multiple nℏk of the single photon recoil [19][20][21][22][23] but are limited by the available laser power (e.g., 6 W in [24], 43 W in [25]). Finally, wave front distortions spread the local wave vector around its mean, lowering interference contrast and reducing both sensitivity and accuracy. An optical cavity can solve these problems by providing spatial filtering to clean the wave fronts and enhancing laser intensity. However, running an atom interferometer inside an optical cavity presents challenges in keeping the atoms in the relatively small cavity mode volume and having multiple laser frequencies (needed due to recoil frequency shifts, Doppler shifts, and atomic structure) simultaneously resonant with the cavity. Here, we present a cesium atom interferometer inside an in-vacuum optical cavity and demonstrate gravity measurements using less than 100 μW of laser power incident on the cavity.The use of an optical cavity has many advantages. First, laser power limits interferom...

show abstract

Development of an atom gravimeter and status of the 10-meter atom interferometer for precision gravity measurement

Cited by 109 publications

References 25 publications

Principles of Gravitational Waves Detection Through Atom Interferometry

Principles of Gravitational Waves Detection Through Atom Interferometry

Atom Interferometry in an Optical Cavity

More Power to Atom Interferometry

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About