Development of an automated urban climate monitoring system in Novi Sad (Serbia)

Abstract

This paper presents development and implementation of an automated urban climate monitoring system in mid-sized European city Novi Sad (Vojvodina, Serbia). The urban climate monitoring network contains 27 stations (25 in urban area and 2 in non-urbanized environment). To determine the representativeness station cites we used Stewart-Oke Local Climate Zones (LCZ) classification, authors' local knowledge and field surveys to delineate urban area and surrounding environments. For LCZ determination we used Lelovics-Gál automated GIS (Geographic Information System) method. Stations measure the values and every 10 minutes send the readings related to air temperature, relative humidity, battery voltage, status value and other technical information to the main server.In order for the data stored in database server to be ready for usage in urban climate studies and for analyzing entire systems' work, we created Urban Path System tool (UP-SYS_tool) and URBAN-PATH Portal. Furthermore, the automatic data procession system visualizes the measured values from urban climate monitoring network in Novi Sad and informs the citizens about the most recent temperature, relative humidity and thermal comfort measurements.These, in situ measurements should provide long-term time series in order to highlight the thermal differences among different urban structures in city/es (intra-urban and inter-urban comparisons), and contribute to better understanding of urban climate in the urban canopy layer.

The State-of-the-Art of Urban Climate Change Modeling and Observations

“…In collaboration with related government institutions, private companies, local government, and residents, TOMACS aims to develop a predicting and monitoring early warning system of extreme phenomena, and to implement social experiments on extremeweather-resilient cities. In addition, a number of major field campaigns in different cities around the world have been conducted (1) in USA, for example URBAN 2000 (Allwine et al 2002); Joint Urban 2003 (Allwine et al 2004); Pentagon Shield (Warner et al 2007); Madison Square Garden (Hanna et al 2003); (2) in Europe, for example ESCOMPTE (Mestayer et al 2005); CAPITOUL (Masson et al 2008); BUBBLE (Rotach et al 2005); DAPPLE (Arnold et al 2004), MOCCA (Caluwaerts et al 2020), and for examples in the city of Szeged (Skarbit et al 2017) and Novi Sad (Secerov et al 2015;Šećerov et al 2019). Finally, there is still a need to harmonize collection practice, instrumentation, station location, and quality controls across cities to facilitate collaborative research (Muller et al 2015).…”

Meteorological and Ancillary Data Resources for Climate Research in Urban Areas

“…The Berlin city (Germany) monitoring network of the Freie University, Institute for Meteorology (FUMINET) is measuring meteorological data every five minutes for microclimate and human thermal comfort investigations. Novi Sad (Serbia) has also implemented an automatic microclimatic urban monitoring network [35,36], comprising 25 urban stations and two stations located in non-urbanized environments, collecting air temperature and humidity data every 10 minute. In its turn, the climate of Szeged (Hungary) is monitored by 23 weather stations placed in urban conditions [37] and available at http://en.urban-path.hu/monitoring-system.…”

Outdoor thermal comfort research in urban areas of Central and Southeast Europe: A review

“…Novi Sad, Niš, Belgrade, Leskovac -Milicevic et al, 2013;Unkašević & Tošić, 2013, 2015Savić et al, 2014Savić et al, , 2018Stanojević et al, 2014a;2014b;Šećerov et al, 2015;Bajšanski et al, 2015;Milošević et al, 2015aMilošević et al, , 2015bMilošević et al, , 2016Milošević et al, , 2017aMilošević et al, , 2017bDjukic et al, 2016;Anđelković et al, 2016;Basarin et al, 2016Basarin et al, , 2018Bogdanović-Protić et al, 2016;Djekic et al, 2018aDjekic et al, , 2018bVučković et al, 2019, Lukić et al, 2019 Slovenia Ljubljana Vidrih & Medved, 2013;Fikfak et al, 2017;Pogačar et al, 2017Pogačar et al, , 2019aPogačar et al, , 2019bPerčič et al, 2018;Žiberna & Ivajnšič, 2018 Measurements and assessment of thermal comfort and other climatological events responsible for outdoor thermal comfort were also investigated. Kovács & Németh (2012) evaluated the differences and changes of the thermal comfort conditions in the last half century in Budapest based on the measurements of two meteorological stations located in different environments (LCZs).…”