Development of an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for alachlor and its application to the analysis of environmental water samples

Feng, Pengfei; Wratten, Stephen J.; Horton, Susan R.; Sharp, C. Ray; Logusch, Eugene W.

doi:10.1021/jf00091a034

Cited by 58 publications

(43 citation statements)

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“…Similar correlation between atrazine concentrations determined by ELISA and HPLC (r = 0.99, 17 waters) was found by Busway et al (1991) and by ELISA and GC/MS (r = 0.84, 217 waters) by Gruessner et al (1995) and Thurman et al (1990) (r = 0.91, 64 waters). However the correlation observed in this work between the alachlor concentrations determined using ELISA and HPLC (r = 0.97) is higher than that reported by Feng et al (1990) between the concentrations of alachlor determined by ELISA and those determined by GC/MS (r = 0.84, 208 waters).…”

Section: Resultscontrasting

confidence: 82%

Atrazine and Alachlor Inputs to Surface and Ground Waters in Irrigated Corn Cultivation Areas of Castilla-Leon Region, Spain

Sánchez‐Camazano

Lorenzo

Sánchez-Martín

2005

Environ Monit Assess

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The inputs of atrazine and alachlor herbicides to surface and ground waters from irrigated areas dedicated to corn cultivation in the Castilla-León (C-L) region (Spain) as related to the application of both herbicides were studied. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA) were used for monitoring the atrazine and alachlor concentrations in 98 water samples taken from these areas. Seventy-nine of the samples were of ground waters and 19 were of surface waters. The concentration ranges of the herbicides detected in the study period (October 1997-October 1998) were 0.04-25.3 microg L(-1) in the surface waters and 0.04-3.45 microg L(-1) in the ground waters for atrazine, and 0.06-31.9 microg L(-1) in the surface waters and 0.05-4.85 microg L(-1) in the ground waters in the case of alachlor. The highly significant correlation observed between the concentrations of both herbicides in the surface waters (r = 0.89, p < 0.001) pointed to a parallel transport of atrazine and alachlor to these waters. A study was made of the temporal evolution of the concentrations of both herbicides, and it was found a maximum recharge of atrazine in the ground waters for April 1998 and of alachlor in October 1997 and October 1998. The temporal evolution of the concentrations of both herbicides in surface waters was parallel. The highly significant correlations observed between atrazine concentrations determined by ELISA and by HPLC (r = 0.92, p < 0.001) and between alachlor concentrations also determined by both methods (r = 0.96, p < 0.001) confirmed the usefulness of ELISA for monitoring both herbicides in an elevated number of samples. Using HPLC, the presence in some waters of the alachlor ethanesulfonate (ESA) metabolite was found at a concentration range of 0.52-4.01 microg L(-1). However the interference of ESA in the determination of alachlor by ELISA was negligible. The inputs of atrazine and alachlor to waters found in this study, especially the inputs to ground waters, could pose a risk for human health considering that some waters, though sporadically, are even used for human consumption.

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Section: Resultscontrasting

confidence: 82%

Atrazine and Alachlor Inputs to Surface and Ground Waters in Irrigated Corn Cultivation Areas of Castilla-Leon Region, Spain

Sánchez‐Camazano

Lorenzo

Sánchez-Martín

2005

Environ Monit Assess

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“…Such claims are disingenuous at best and outright misleading in the worst case. An antibody had previously been evaluated for cross-reactivity to ES but was shown to be poorly reactive, estimated at 2.3% (9). The ability of the metabolite to bind so strongly to the antibody used by Baker was a fortuitous combination of circumstances: environmental degradation occurred precisely at the site of conjugation of the alachlor hapten to the carrier protein in immunogen synthesis, just where an antibody reared against this molecular configuration might ignore a structural change!…”

Section: Analyte-equivalency the Basis Of The Equivalency Concept LImentioning

confidence: 99%

Interpretation of Immunoassay Data

Brady¹

1995

ACS Symposium Series

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Few discussions in the field of immunoassay analysis have centered on the interpretation of immunoassay data. Personnel at Ciba PlantProtection have analyzed several thousand real-world samples by immunoassay and have reached some conclusions from this experience. This paper will discuss the various types of standard curves in use, the means by which the limits of quantitation are determined and the idea of analyte-equivalency to more clearly elucidate the problem of how to interpret immunochemical data. The goal of this paper is to answer the question, "What do the numbers generated by an immunoassay mean?" Of all the aspects of immunoassays, few discussions have focused on interpretation of data. This is surprising given the potential impact of immunochemical methods on pesticide residue analysis. These techniques have traveled from the laboratory bench in academic surroundings to application in industrial and regulatory settings. Several companies now manufacture immunoassay kits for a variety of agrochemicals in addition to other compounds of regulatory interest. The cost-effective aspects of immunoassays are now being realized on a daily basis in Madison, Wisconsin, for example, where analysts in the State Laboratory of Hygiene screen drinking water for triazine residues for less than twenty dollars per sample. To date, personnel at Ciba Plant Protection have run several thousand real-world soil and water samples. Based on our experience, we have concluded it has become not a trivial concern to examine the interpretation of immunoassay data. By examining the various types of standard curves in use, the means by which the limit of quantitation are determined and the concept of analyte-equivalency, some insight can be gained into this issue. The goal of this paper is to answer the question, "What do the numbers generated by an immunoassay mean?" 0097-6156/95/0586-0266$12.50/0

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“…With regard to chloroacetanilide herbicides, ELISAs have been reported for alachlor [9][10][11][12] and metolachlor [13,14] and their metabolites [15,16]. Alachlor and metolachlor ELISA kits are commercially available from Millipore Corporation; however, they have been shown in some cases to cross-react with acetochlor.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Production of Antibodies and Development of Specific Polarization Fluoroimmunoassay for Acetochlor

Yakovleva

Lobanova

Panchenko

et al. 2002

International Journal of Environmental Analytical Chemistry

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Development of an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for alachlor and its application to the analysis of environmental water samples

Cited by 58 publications

References 1 publication

Atrazine and Alachlor Inputs to Surface and Ground Waters in Irrigated Corn Cultivation Areas of Castilla-Leon Region, Spain

Atrazine and Alachlor Inputs to Surface and Ground Waters in Irrigated Corn Cultivation Areas of Castilla-Leon Region, Spain

Interpretation of Immunoassay Data

Production of Antibodies and Development of Specific Polarization Fluoroimmunoassay for Acetochlor

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