The 2014 release of the Fifth Assessment Report by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change makes clear that if we are to adapt to a changing climate we need a comprehensive monitoring system that will not only describe how conditions are changing, but also enable us to assess what the consequences of those changes will be. Coastal areas, in particular, warrant attention as sea-level rise and changes in storm intensity are likely to alter flooding patterns in ways that greatly affect both natural and built environments