Development of an Italian RM Y-STR haplotype database: Results of the 2013 GEFI collaborative exercise

Abstract

Recently introduced rapidly mutating Y-chromosomal short tandem repeat (RM Y-STR) loci, displaying a multiple-fold higher mutation rate relative to any other Y-STRs, including those conventionally used in forensic casework, have been demonstrated to improve the resolution of male lineage differentiation and to allow male relative separation usually impossible with standard Y-STRs.

Are rapidly mutating Y‐short tandem repeats useful to resolve a lineage? Expanding mutability data on distant male relationships

“…Without considering the two RM Y‐STRs DYS570 and DYS576, a total of 22 mutations was detected in brothers (n = 7), grandfather–grandsons (n = 2), uncle–nephews (n = 5), and first‐degree cousins pairs (n = 8), while none between male relative pairs separated by more than five meioses. Based on these data, the estimated mutation rate of PPY23 panel was 2.86 × 10 −3 , comparable to the typical average mutation rate of Y‐STRs …”

Mutation Rates and Discriminating Power for 13 Rapidly-Mutating Y-STRs between Related and Unrelated Individuals

“…All the samples from Partecipanza, Pievequinta and R1b-subsets were newly typed for the full set of 13 RM Y-STRs by using three multiplex PCR assays as described in Robino et al [12]. …”

Genetic polymorphisms and mutation rates of 27 Y-chromosomal STRs in a Han population from Guangdong Province, Southern China

“…However, because of their high mutation rates, we should be cautious when using these loci in paternity testing. It has been reported that paternity exclusion with a limit of three mutations is not sufficient when use 13 RM Y-STRs [8,26]. At present, we have combined common Y-STRs with RM Y-STRs in commercially available kits, such as PPY 23 system and Yfiler  Plus system.…”