Development of an SSR-based identification key for Tunisian local almonds

Gouta, Hassouna; Ksia, E.; Buhner-Zaharieva, Tatiana; Mliki, Ahmed; Gogorcena, Yolanda

doi:10.1590/s0103-90162012000200004

Cited by 12 publications

(4 citation statements)

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“…In the present, it was possible to differentiate the two trees of Washington navel cultivar, WN1 and WN2 by SSR specific alleles. These results confirm the effectiveness of the SSR markers in genotyping and the identification of cultivars, as was done previously on the date palm (Zehdi et al, 2012), apricot (Krichen et al, 2006), fig (Saddoud et al, 2007;Chatti et al, 2010), olive (Taamalli et al, 2008), and almond (Gouta et al, 2012) by SSR markers.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Assessment of genetic diversity of Tunisian orange, Citrus sinensis (L.) Osbeck using microsatellite (SSR) markers

et al. 2016

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ABSTRACT. Citrus are one of the most cultivated crops in the world. Economically, they are very important fruit trees in Tunisia. Little is known about the genetic diversity of the Tunisian Citrus germplasm. Exploring this diversity is a prerequisite for the identification and characterization of the local germplasm to circumvent and controlling genetic erosion caused by biotic and abiotic stress to aid its conservation and use. In the present study, we explored the genetic diversity of 20 Tunisian orange cultivars [Citrus sinensis (L.) Osbeck] and established their relationships by using seven simple sequence repeat (SSR) loci. In total, 37 alleles and 44 genotypes were scored. The sizes of alleles ranged from 90 to 280 bp. The number of alleles per locus was from 4 to 7, with an average of 5.28. Polymorphic information content value changed from 0.599 to 0.769 with an average of 0.675. Analysis of the genotypes revealed a heterozygote deficiency across all the genotypes. The observed heterozygosity varied from 0 to 1 (average of 0.671). Cluster analysis showed that three groups could be distinguished and the polymorphism occurred independently of the geographical origin of the studied orange cultivars. The detected SSR genotypes allowed the establishment of an identification key with a discriminating power of 100%. Multivariate analysis and the neighbor-joining phylogenetic tree indicated a narrow genetic base for the orange cultivars. The usefulness of SSR markers for orange fingerprinting and evaluation of the genetic diversity in the Tunisian germplasm are discussed in this paper.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Assessment of genetic diversity of Tunisian orange, Citrus sinensis (L.) Osbeck using microsatellite (SSR) markers

et al. 2016

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“…Simple sequence repeat (SSR; microsatellites) markers are useful tools for characterizing agricultural crop diversity (Gupta et al, 1996;Agarwal et al, 2008). Within Prunus, SSRs have been broadly used for variability studies among cultivars of different species such as peach (Aranzana et al, 2002(Aranzana et al, , 2010Bouhadida et al, 2011), sweet cherry (Struss et al, 2003;Wünsch and Hormaza, 2004;Stanys et al, 2012), apricot (Hormaza, 2002;Romero et al, 2003;Maghuly et al, 2005;Pedryc et al, 2009) and almond (Fernández i Martí et al, 2009;Kadkhodaei et al, 2011;Gouta et al, 2012). All these studies have been enhanced by the transportability of SSRs across the Prunus species (Martínez-Gómez et al, 2003;Mnejja et al, 2005Mnejja et al, , 2010.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular characterization of almond accessions from the island of La Palma (Canary Islands, Spain) using SSR markers

Padilla

Ordás

2014

Plant Genet. Res.

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In this study, 15 simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers were used for genetic diversity analysis of 45 almond accessions, which included 25 local cultivars from La Palma Island and three other commercial cultivars. A total of 110 amplification fragments were produced, with an average value of 7.9 alleles per locus. Twelve of the SSR markers can be considered as highly informative, with values of expected heterozygosity and power of discrimination above 0.5 and 0.8, respectively. Due to cases of synonymy and homonymy, 37 different genetic profiles were obtained, with the homonymy of the soft-shell varieties known as 'Mollar' being the most significant. Cluster analysis identified four groups within the accessions. One of these groups exclusively consisted of the two commercial cultivars 'Guara' and 'Ferraduel'. The other commercial cultivar used in the study, 'Desmayo Largueta', was in a cluster with three cultivars from the same locality. The analysis of molecular variance revealed that the within-localities component accounts for most of the total variation, suggesting that La Palma almond cultivars did not originate independently in different parts of the island. The results of the study reveal the genetic singularity of La Palma almond cultivars and the genetic diversity among them.

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“…Results not only prove the existence of significant diversity, but also describe new, previously unknown landraces (Gouta et al, 2010(Gouta et al, , 2011. In addition, recent data using molecular markers (Gouta et al, 2008(Gouta et al, , 2012 have confirmed this large genetic diversity and underscored the importance of characterising the local germplasm. Furthermore, the adaptation of the local Tunisian almond cultivars to very dry environments indicates their potential as a resistance source for drought conditions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 72%

Agronomical evaluation of local Tunisian almond cultivars and their breeding prospects

Gouta¹,

Ksia²,

Ayachi³

et al. 2019

European.J.Hortic.Sci

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Original article and medical properties, including healthy blood lipids levels, anti-inflammatory and hypocholesterolemic properties (Poonam et al., 2011; García et al., 2016; Musa-Velasco et al., 2016). Almond production in Tunisia is based on the use of locally adapted clones and traditional management practices with minimal to no inputs. These local cultivars are commonly grown in areas between 33° and 36°N and 8° and 10°E, and at altitudes between 13 and 400 m. These almond production areas include a humid climate zone in the north of Tunisia, with an average annual rainfall of more than 700 mm, and a semi-arid climate zone in the centre that receives around 200 mm of rain per year (Figure 1). The cultivation of this species was introduced in Tunisia by the Phoenicians in the 12 th century B.C. Starting in the early 20 th century, many pomologists identified genotypes that were later propagated and considered as cultivars. This was the case in Sfax (southeast Tunisia) for the main cultivars, which are called 'Sfaxien' cultivars: ' Abiodh', 'Ksantini', 'Grosse Tendre', 'Guernghzel' and ' Achaak' (Grasselly and Crossa-Raynaud, 1980). Currently, we have about 20 million almond trees in Tunisia occupying more than 250,000 ha. Almond cultivation is mostly non-irrigated with kernel yields of around 350 kg ha-1 , which is much lower than the 2,300 kg ha-1 in the US, where the production (limited to California) is much more intensive and exclusively irrigated (http:// faostat.fao.org). Grasselly and Crossa-Raynaud (1980) were the first to briefly describe the Tunisian germplasm diversity and to give an overview of the morphological characteristics (shell hardness, fruit shape, kernel percentage and blooming time) of several local almond cultivars. Since then, the need to characterise and preserve the local germplasm German Society for Horticultural Science Summary Almonds have been cultivated in Tunisia since ancient times. Due to increasingly severe dry conditions, the local almond gene pool has significantly decreased since the 1980's. In order to rescue the remaining almond germplasm and to investigate the existing agronomical variation in Tunisia, a survey was undertaken several years ago to identify and preserve the traditional almond cultivars. In this study, 52 local almond cultivars and ecotypes were evaluated for three consecutive years, and 18 different tree, kernel and nut traits were observed. Results show a great diversity of almond ecotypes and cultivars in Tunisia. Kernel weight and size and adaptation to dry conditions are the most interesting qualities of this local germplasm. However, self-incompatibility, early flowering and the presence of double kernels are the most common obstacles for using this germplasm in breeding. Furthermore, principal component analysis was used to identify morphological variation patterns and to classify the genotypes. In this analysis, the first three retained principal components were found to explain more than 56% of the total variance. The main nut traits, such as le...

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Development of an SSR-based identification key for Tunisian local almonds

Cited by 12 publications

References 28 publications

Assessment of genetic diversity of Tunisian orange, Citrus sinensis (L.) Osbeck using microsatellite (SSR) markers

Assessment of genetic diversity of Tunisian orange, Citrus sinensis (L.) Osbeck using microsatellite (SSR) markers

Molecular characterization of almond accessions from the island of La Palma (Canary Islands, Spain) using SSR markers

Agronomical evaluation of local Tunisian almond cultivars and their breeding prospects

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