Development of Analytical Methods and Nutritional Studies Using Synthetic Fatty Acids and Triacylglycerols

Yoshinaga, Kazuaki

doi:10.5650/jos.ess20196

Cited by 5 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 39 publications

(32 reference statements)

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“…The scheme in Figure 2 [162] illustrates the essence of the multidimensional analytical protocol which includes a detailed examination of the FA composition, and steps to reveal, as fully as possible, the TAG molecular and intramolecular structures. Evidently, this approach is the one that, at present, provides the information needed for better understanding the role of the TAG structure (i.e., the exact position of FA moieties in the glycerol backbone) in the metabolism pathways in biological systems [163].…”

Section: Stereospecific Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Regio- and Stereospecific Analysis of Triacylglycerols—A Brief Overview of the Challenges and the Achievements

Momchilova

Nikolova‐Damyanova

2022

Symmetry

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The efforts to reveal, in detail, the molecular and intramolecular structures of one of the main lipid classes, namely, triacyl-sn-glycerols, which are now known to affect their specific and important role in all living organisms, are briefly overviewed. Some milestones of significance in the gradual but continuous development and improvement of the analytical methodology to identify the triacylglycerol regio- and stereoisomers in complex lipid samples are traced throughout the years: the use of chromatography based on different separation principles; the improvements in the chromatographic technique; the development and use of different detection techniques; the attempts to simplify and automatize the analysis without losing the accuracy of identification. The spectacular recent achievements of two- and multidimensional methods used as tools in lipidomics are presented.

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Section: Stereospecific Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Regio- and Stereospecific Analysis of Triacylglycerols—A Brief Overview of the Challenges and the Achievements

Momchilova

Nikolova‐Damyanova

2022

Symmetry

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“…Microbial lipids rich in triacylglycerols are promising and attractive alternatives to existing petroleum-, plant-, and animal-based lipids. A triacylglycerol molecule consists of three fatty acid (acyl) chains attached to an alcohol glycerol backbone (Yoshinaga 2021 ). Carbon length, desaturation level, and position determine the physicochemical and biological properties of fatty acid (FA) chains attached to triacylglycerols (Cook and McMaster 2002 ; Temkov and Muresan 2021 ; Lee et al 2022 ; Saini et al 2021 ; Falomir-Lockhart et al 2019 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Current advances in alteration of fatty acid profile in Rhodotorula toruloides: a mini-review

Honda

Fujiyama

2023

World J Microbiol Biotechnol

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Microbial lipids are considered promising and environmentally friendly substitutes for fossil fuels and plant-derived oils. They alleviate the depletion of limited petroleum storage and the decrement of arable lands resulting from the greenhouse effect. Microbial lipids derived from oleaginous yeasts provide fatty acid profiles similar to plant-derived oils, which are considered as sustainable and alternative feedstocks for use in the biofuel, cosmetics, and food industries. Rhodotorula toruloides is an intriguing oleaginous yeast strain that can accumulate more than 70% of its dry biomass as lipid content. It can utilize a wide range of substrates, including low-cost sugars and industrial waste. It is also robust against various industrial inhibitors. However, precise control of the fatty acid profile of the lipids produced by R. toruloides is essential for broadening its biotechnological applications. This mini-review describes recent progress in identifying fatty synthesis pathways and consolidated strategies used for specific fatty acid-rich lipid production via metabolic engineering, strain domestication. In addition, this mini-review summarized the effects of culture conditions on fatty acid profiles in R. toruloides. The perspectives and constraints of harnessing R. toruloides for tailored lipid production are also discussed in this mini-review. Graphical abstract

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“…They are known as regioisomers. Which acyl chain is placed in the sn -2 position has been shown to be relevant in relation to the metabolic fate of TAGs during digestion [ 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Research regarding the development of methods for accurate assignation of the acyl chain position is ongoing at present. The present implementation of mass spectrometry (MS) functionalities has brought the opportunity to develop reliable platforms for TAG analysis [ 5 , 6 ]. Presently, MS-based methodologies allow resolving the acyl chain composition for isobaric species as well as the regiospecificity, though accurate quantification remains a challenge.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Recently, approaches using sodium (Na + ) and lithium (Li + ) TAG adducts have been shown to render better performance of the fragmentation spectrum for quantification [ 14 , 15 ], but ammonium is still the favorite in many laboratories. Additionally, methodologies encompassing shot-gun or direct infusion versus separation by liquid chromatography before MS detection are currently used and are a matter of debate regarding their efficiency [ 5 , 6 , 16 ]. Therefore, active research concerning the influence of other factors on the fragmentation information quality, as well as the application of diverse methodologies, is ongoing at present regarding TAG analysis [ 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Ammonia Concentration in the Eluent Influences Fragmentation Pattern of Triacylglycerols in Mass Spectrometry Analysis

2022

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Correct assessment of the fatty acyl at the glycerol sn-2 position in triacylglycerol (TAG) analysis by liquid chromatography and mass spectrometry (LC-MS) is challenging. Ammonium hydroxide (NH4OH) is the preferred choice for the solvent additive for the formation of the ammonium adduct ([M + NH4]+). In this study, the influence of different NH4OH concentrations in the eluents on TAG adduct formation and fragmentation under LC-MS analysis was assessed. Increasing NH4OH concentrations delayed the chromatographic elution time according to a power function. The [M + NH4]+ and [M + ACN + NH4]+ adducts (where ACN means acetonitrile) were formed at all ammonium concentrations assayed. [M + ACN + NH4]+ predominated above 18.26 mM [NH4OH], and the intensity of [M + NH4]+ dropped. TAG fragmentation for fatty acyl release in the MSE was reduced with increasing [M + ACN + NH4]+ adduct, which suggests that ACN stabilizes the adduct in a way that inhibits the rupture of the ester bonds in TAGs. A linear equation (Hsn-I = a × H[M+NH4]+, where sn-I refers to the sn position of the glycerol (I = 1, 2, or 3) and H is the peak height) was deduced to quantify the dehydroxydiacylglycerol fragment intensity in relation to [M + NH4]+ intensity in the full scan. This equation had a slope mean value of 0.369 ± 0.058 for the sn-1 and sn-3 positions, and of 0.188 ± 0.007 for the sn-2 position.

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Development of Analytical Methods and Nutritional Studies Using Synthetic Fatty Acids and Triacylglycerols

Cited by 5 publications

References 39 publications

Regio- and Stereospecific Analysis of Triacylglycerols—A Brief Overview of the Challenges and the Achievements

Regio- and Stereospecific Analysis of Triacylglycerols—A Brief Overview of the Challenges and the Achievements

Current advances in alteration of fatty acid profile in Rhodotorula toruloides: a mini-review

Ammonia Concentration in the Eluent Influences Fragmentation Pattern of Triacylglycerols in Mass Spectrometry Analysis

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