Development of analytical methods for the assessment of ecotoxicological relevant soil contamination

Debus, Reinhard; Hund, Kerstin

doi:10.1016/s0045-6535(97)00153-7

Cited by 32 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…Thus, they provide a more accurate and feasible measure of biotoxicity of chemical contaminants, such as creosote, than measuring comprehensive profiles of individual chemical concentrations and their degradation products (Debus and Hund, 1997). Creosote popular candidates as bioindicators because of their role in essential ecological processes of soil including nutrient cycling and decomposition (Wasilewska et al, 1975;Ingham et al, 1985;Beare et al, 1992).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Soil invertebrate and microbial communities, and decomposition as indicators of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon contamination

Blakely

Neher

Spongberg

2002

Applied Soil Ecology

117

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Soil organisms are useful for quantification of ecological impact of chemical contamination of soils. This study examined the effects of creosote (complex mixture of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons) on composition and abundance of soil invertebrates (nematodes, collembolans and mites) and decomposition processes. Thirty intact soil cores and adjacent litter samples were collected each of three times during the 1998 growing season from soil contaminated with creosote for 50 years. Each core was divided evenly into two subsamples. Abundance of nematodes (by family), Collembola (by family), mites (by Oribatida and others), total bacterial biomass, and active fungal biomass were quantified in the first subsample; soil properties including polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) concentration, organic carbon, pH, electrical conductivity (EC), bulk density, soil moisture and soil texture were measured in the second subsample. Creosote affected soil food webs and decomposition more by altering habitat of microinvertebrates and their prey, fungi and bacteria, than by direct toxicity. We hypothesize that nematodes were affected directly by PAH, more than collembolans or mites, because of their intimate contact with contaminated soil particles and permeable cuticles. Collembola and mites explained decomposition of 100% cellulose and mixed cellulose/lignin substrates better than nematodes because of their co-location in the litter layer. This is the first study to examine effects of PAH contamination on soil food webs and ecological processes.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Soil invertebrate and microbial communities, and decomposition as indicators of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon contamination

Blakely

Neher

Spongberg

2002

Applied Soil Ecology

117

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“…Assessment of synergistic and antagonistic e!ects is not possible using chemical data. For proper assessment of polluted soils and monitoring of cleanup processes, toxicity data, chemical analysis, and ecological information should be combined (Plotkin and Ram, 1984;Linder et al, 1992;Schrab et al, 1993;Jean and Fruget, 1994;Lambolez et al, 1994;Keddy et al, 1995;Bernand et al, 1996;Dutka et al, 1996;Debus and Hund, 1997;Meier et al, 1997).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Battery of Toxicity Tests as Indicators of Decontamination in Composting Oily Waste

Juvonen¹,

Martikainen

Schultz

et al. 2000

Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety

101

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“…al., 1994;Wangberg et al, 1995 , to study waters and Ž . sediments Dutka et al, 1988;Debus and Hund, 1997 Ž and to study pure chemicals Millemann et al, 1984; . Ž .…”

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confidence: 99%

The toxicity and biodegradability of eight main phenolic compounds characteristic to the oil-shale industry wastewaters: A test battery approach

et al. 2000

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The toxicity of eight phenolic compounds characteristic to the oil-shale industry wastewaters was analyzed using a battery of seven microbiotests with species representing different trophic ( ) levels photobacteria, protozoa, crustaceans, microalgae . Altogether five monobasic phenolic com-( ) pounds phenol, p-cresol, 2,4-dimethylphenol, 2,3-dimethylphenol, 3,4-dimethylphenol and three diba-( ) sic phenolic compounds resorcinol, 5-methylresorcinol, and 2,5-dimethylresorcinol were studied. Phenol, 2,4-dimethylphenol, 2,3-dimethylphenol, and 5-methylresorcinol were classified as '' toxic'' ( ( ) () ) lowest 50% lethal effective concentration L E C of the battery 1 -10 mg/ L . P-cresol, 3,4-dimethyl-50 ( ( ) phenol, resorcinol, and 2,5-dimethylresorcinol were classified as '' very toxic'' lowest L E C of the 50 ) battery (1 mg/ L . The most sensitive test organisms were crustaceans and / or photobacteria. The ( toxicity of three different equitoxic mixtures mixture of all eight phenols, mixture of five monobasic ) phenols, and mixture of three dibasic phenols was studied using Vibrio fisheri, Daphnia magna, and Thamnocephalus platyurus. For all three test organisms the toxicities of individual phenols were proved additive. The efficiency of biotreatment on the toxicity reduction of the individual phenolic compounds ( ) ( ) 2.5 mM as well as the equimolar mixtures of all eight phenols 1 / 8*2.5 mM each , five monobasic ( ) ( ) phenols 1 / 5*2.5 mM each , and three dibasic phenols 1 / 3*2.5 mM each was studied using acclimated and nonacclimated activated sludges. In the case of both activated sludges phenol, p-cresol, resorcinol, and 5-methylresorcinol were most rapidly detoxified. Dimethylphenols and the mixtures had moderate detoxification times, while the slowest was the detoxification of 2,5-dimethylresorcinol and the mixture of resorcinols. Thus, out of eight phenolic compounds studied 2,5-dimethylresorcinol was ( ) considered most environmentally hazardous as very toxic LC for crustaceans 1 -5 mg/ L and slowly 50 biodegradabable. ᮊ

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Development of analytical methods for the assessment of ecotoxicological relevant soil contamination

Cited by 32 publications

References 7 publications

Soil invertebrate and microbial communities, and decomposition as indicators of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon contamination

Soil invertebrate and microbial communities, and decomposition as indicators of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon contamination

A Battery of Toxicity Tests as Indicators of Decontamination in Composting Oily Waste

The toxicity and biodegradability of eight main phenolic compounds characteristic to the oil-shale industry wastewaters: A test battery approach

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